Ngaba izibane zakho zentloko zidibana ne-ANSI/ISEA 107 iMigangatho yokuBoneka okuphezulu?

Izibane zentloko zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukubonakala xa usebenza okanye uhamba kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi. Ngelixa umgangatho we-ANSI/ISEA 107 ngokuyintloko ujongana nempahla ebonakala kakhulu, izibane zentloko zinokuluphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko lwakho ngokuncedisana nempahla ehambelanayo. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba iimoto ezinezibane ezilinganiswe kakuhle zifumana i-19% yezinga elisezantsi leengozi zasebusuku xa zithelekiswa nezo zinereyithingi engalunganga. Izibane eziphezulu ze-beam nazo ziphucula ukubonakala, zikunceda ukuba ubone iingozi ngokufanelekileyo. Ukukhetha izibane ezihambelanayo ze-ANSI 107 ziqinisekisa ukuba uhlala ubonakala kwaye ukhuselekile kwiindawo ezinzima.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• KhethaANSI 107 izibane zentlokoukuhlala ukhuselekile ekukhanyeni okumfiliba.
• Fumana izibane zentloko ezinezixhobo ezikhazimlayo okanye eziqaqambileyo ukuze ubonakale ngcono.
• Jonga ukuba ziqaqambe, zomelele, kwaye ziqine kangakanani izibane zentloko.
• Khangela iileyibhile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana nemithetho yokhuseleko.
• Ukusebenzisa izibane eziphezulu ezibonakalayo kunciphisa amathuba engozi kwaye kulandele imithetho yomsebenzi.

Ukuqonda i-ANSI/ISEA 107 Standards

Oko Kuqukwa nguMgangatho

Umgangatho we-ANSI/ISEA 107 uchaza iimfuno ezithile zempahla yokhuseleko olubonakalayo oluphezulu (HVSA). Ezi zikhokelo ziqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi bahlala bebonakala kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuphantsi okanye ezinobungozi. Umgangatho uchaza ukubekwa kunye nobungakanani bezinto ezibonakalayo eziphezulu zokubonelela ukubonakala kwe-360-degree. Ikwachaza ubumbeko kunye nobubanzi bamabhendi abonisayo, eqinisekisa ukuba ayahlangabezana neyona ndlela isezantsi yokusebenza.

Ukuthobela, izambatho kufuneka zisebenzise izixhobo ze-fluorescent ngemibala efana ne-yellow-green, i-orenji-bomvu, okanye ebomvu. Iteyiphu yokukhanya okanye imicu yongeza ukubonakala ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi. Iilabhoratri ezivunyiweyo zivavanya zonke iimpahla ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa. Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukuqina, ukubonakala, kunye nokukwazi ukumelana nezinto ezisingqongileyo njengemvula okanye ubushushu. Ngokuhlangabezana nale migaqo, i-HVSA iqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwiindawo ezifuna umsebenzi.

IiMfuno eziBonelekileyo eziPhezulu zeZincedisi

Izixhobo, ngelixa ingeyiyo eyona njongo iphambili ye-ANSI/ISEA 107, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ukubonakala. Izinto ezinjengeeglavu, iminqwazi, kunye nezibane zentloko zinokuncedisana nempahla ebonakalayo. Ukuze izincedisi zihambelane nomgangatho, kufuneka zifake izinto ezikhanyayo okanye ezine-fluorescent. Ezi zixhobo ziphucula ukubonakala kwii-angles ezininzi, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziguquguqukayo.

Izibane zentloko, umzekelo, zinokubonelela ngokukhanya okongeziweyo kunye nokubonakala. Xa zidityaniswe nempahla ethobelayo, zenza isisombululo esibanzi sokhuseleko. Izixhobo zokuncedisa kufuneka zibonise ukuqina kunye nokuxhathisa kwizinto ezisingqongileyo, ziqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo kwiimeko ezinzima.

Ukufaneleka kwe-ANSI 107 yezibane zentloko ezithobelayo

Nangona izibane zentloko zingagqunywanga ngokucacileyo phantsi komgangatho we-ANSI/ISEA 107, zinokuphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko. Izibane ezihambelanayo ze-ANSI 107 ziphucula ukubonakala ngokudibanisa ukukhanya kunye neempawu ezikhanyayo okanye ze-fluorescent. Oku kubenza balungele ukukhanya okuphantsi okanye iindawo ezinobungozi.

Kwiindawo zokusebenza ezikufutshane nezithuthi okanye koomatshini abakhulu, ezi zibane zinciphisa umngcipheko weengozi. Baqinisekisa ukuba uhlala ubonakala kwabanye, nokuba ungakhanyi kakuhle. Ngokukhetha izibane zentloko ezihambelana nemigaqo ye-ANSI/ISEA 107, uphucula ukhuseleko lwakho kwaye uhlangabezane neemfuno zendawo yokusebenza. Oku kubenza bongezelelo oluyimfuneko kwisixhobo sakho sokubonakala okuphezulu.

Iikhrayitheriya eziphambili ze-ANSI 107 ezihambelana nezibane zentloko

Ukuqaqamba kunye nokuqina kweBeam

Xa uvavanya izibane zentloko, ukuqaqamba kunye nokuqina kwemiqadi zizinto ezibalulekileyo. Ukukhanya kulinganiswa nge-lux, ebonisa ubungakanani bokukhanya okubonakalayo kumgama othile. Umzekelo, iimitha zokukhanya kwimizi-mveliso zilinganisa ukukhanya okukhulu kwiimitha ezine. Ubukhulu be-beam, kwelinye icala, bumisela ukuba ukukhanya kuhamba kangakanani. Ifomyula yokubala ukukhanya (E) kwi-lux ngu-E = i / (D²), apho "i" imele ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwi-candela, kwaye "D" ngumgama kwiimitha. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba unokuvavanya ukuba isibane sentloko sibonelela ngokhanyiso olwaneleyo kwiimfuno zakho.

Imigangatho efana ne-ANSI FL-1 iphinda ivavanye umgama we-beam kunye nexesha lebhetri. Ezi metrics zikunceda ukhethe izibane zentloko ezigcina ukuqaqamba okungaguqukiyo kwixesha elongeziweyo. I-headlamp enemilinganiselo ephezulu ye-lux kunye nomgama ophuculweyo we-beam uqinisekisa ukubonakala okungcono, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokukhanya okuphantsi. Izibane ezihambelanayo ze-ANSI 107 zihlala zigqwesa kwezi ndawo, zizenza zibe lukhetho oluthembekileyo lokhuseleko.

Iipropati eziBonakalayo kunye neFluorescent

Izinto ezibonisa ukukhanya kunye ne-fluorescent zongeza ukubonakala ngokwenza ukuba uphawuleke ngakumbi kwiimeko ezimnyama. Imibala ekhanyayo efana notyheli-luhlaza okanye i-orenji-bomvu ibonakala emini, ngelixa izinto ezikhanyayo ziphucula ukubonakala ebusuku. Izibane zentloko ezineebhendi ezikhanyayo okanye i-fluorescent accents zincedisa iimpahla ezibonakalayo eziphezulu, ziqinisekisa ukuba uhlala ubonakala kwii-angles ezininzi.

Ezi zakhiwo zibaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko eziguquguqukayo, ezifana neziza zokwakha okanye iindlela. Ngokukhetha izibane zentloko kunye neempawu ezikhanyayo okanye ze-fluorescent, udala isisombululo esibanzi sokhuseleko. Oku kuhambelana nemigaqo ye-ANSI 107 ye-headlamps ehambelanayo, ebeka phambili ukubonakala kunye nokhuseleko.

Ukuqina kunye nokuchasana kokusingqongileyo

Ukuqina kuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sakho sisebenza ngokuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Iimvavanyo ezisemgangathweni, ezinje ngefotometric kunye novavanyo lokusingqongileyo, kuvavanya amandla wesibane sokumelana noxinzelelo. Uvavanyo lwe-Photometric lulinganisa ubunzulu bokukhanya kunye nokuhanjiswa, ngelixa uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo luvavanya ukusebenza phantsi kobushushu obugqithisileyo, ukufuma kunye nokungcangcazela.

Ngokomzekelo, i-FMVSS 108 ichaza iimfuno zeenkqubo zokukhanyisa iimoto, kuquka izibane zentloko. Uvavanyo lokuqina lubeka izibane zentloko kuxinzelelo loomatshini kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayakwazi ukumelana neemeko zehlabathi lokwenyani. Izibane ezihambelanayo ze-ANSI 107 zihlala zihlangabezana nale migangatho ingqongqo, inika ukusebenza okuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokhuseleko.

Kutheni kubalulekile ukuthotyelwa okuPhakamileyo

Ukhuseleko kwiiMeko zokukhanya okuphantsi

Ukuthotyelwa kwembonakalo ephezulu kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukhuselekile kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuphantsi. Ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunye nokubonakala kunciphisa amathuba okuba nokwenzeka kweengozi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okubi. Uphando lubonisa ukuba izibane zendlela eziyilwe kakuhle zinokuthoba iingozi zasebusuku nge-30%. Iindlela ezinamaqondo okukhanya phakathi kwe-1.2–2 cd/m² amava ama-20–30% eengozi ezimbalwa xa kuthelekiswa nezo zinezibane ezisezantsi. Oku kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nezibane ezihambelanayo ze-ANSI 107 zokuphucula ukubonakala kunye nokhuseleko.

Izibane zentloko ezinokukhanya okuphezulu kunye neempawu ezikhanyayo ziqinisekisa ukuba uhlala ubonakala kwabanye, nakwimeko ezimnyama. Enoba usebenza kwisiza sokwakha okanye uhamba kwindlela engakhanyi kakuhle, ezi zibane zikunika ukukhanya okufunekayo ukuze uphephe iingozi. Ngokubeka phambili ukubonakala, unciphisa kakhulu ingozi ehambelana neendawo zokukhanya okuphantsi.

Indawo yokusebenzela kunye neeMfuno ezisemthethweni

Iindawo ezininzi zokusebenza zifuna ukuba uhlangabezane nemigangatho ethile yokhuseleko, kuquka ukuthotyelwa kokubonakala okuphezulu. Imizi-mveliso efana nokwakha, ezothutho, kunye nokulungiswa kwendlela kaninzi isebenza kwiimeko ezinobungozi apho ukubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu. Abaqeshi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abasebenzi basebenzisa izixhobo ezihambelana nemigaqo yokhuseleko ukunciphisa iingozi kunye nokuthobela iimfuno ezisemthethweni.

Ukusebenzisa izibane ezihambelanayo ze-ANSI 107 zibonisa ukuzibophelela kwakho kukhuseleko lwasemsebenzini. Ezi zibane zentloko aziphuculi nje ukubonakala kwakho kodwa zikwanceda imibutho ihlangabezane nemigangatho yokuthotyelwa. Oku kunciphisa uxanduva kwaye kuqinisekise indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo kuye wonke umntu obandakanyekayo.

Ukunciphisa imingcipheko kwiiNdawo eziNcedayo

Iimeko ezingqongileyo ezinobungozi zifuna amanyathelo okhuseleko athembekileyo ukukukhusela kwiingozi ezinokubakho. Izibane eziphezulu ezibonakalayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni iingozi zokusebenza. Uphononongo oluphonononga unxulumano phakathi kokubonakala kwezibane zentloko kunye namazinga okuntlitheka lufumanise ukuba uyilo olungcono lwesibane lunokwehlisa amazinga okuntlitheka kwasebusuku nge-12% ukuya kuma-29%. Ukuphuculwa kokubonakala kunciphisa amathuba eengozi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiimeko ezinzima.

Ngokukhetha izibane zentloko ezilungiselelwe ukuthotyelwa kokubonakala okuphezulu, uyazikhusela wena kunye nabanye kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Ezi zibane ziqinisekisa ukuba uhlala ubonakala, nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kunye nokulimala.

Zivandlakanywa njani izibane zentloko ukuze zithotyelwe

Ukujonga iileyibhile zeSatifikethi

Xa uvavanya izibane zentloko zokuthotyelwa, iilebhile zesatifikethi zibonelela ngendlela ekhawulezayo yokuqinisekisa umgangatho wazo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko. Khangela iilebhile ezifanaFMVSS 108, eqinisekisa ukuba isibane sidibana neMigangatho yoKhuseleko lweMoto ye-Federal yokukhanyisa kunye nezibonisi. Ezi ziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba imveliso iye yavavanywa ngokungqongqo ngokubonakala kunye nokhuseleko.

Amaqumrhu avunyiweyo afana ne-Intertek, i-VCA, i-A2LA, kunye ne-AMECA ivavanya iimveliso zokukhanyisa iimoto ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yoshishino. Ngokujonga ezi mibhalo, unokukhetha ngokuzithemba izibane zentloko ezihambelana neemfuno zokubonakala okuphezulu. Eli nyathelo aliqinisekisi ukhuseleko kuphela kodwa likunceda ukuba uphephe iimveliso ezisilelayo ukufikelela kwiikhrayitheriya zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo.

Ukuqhuba uVavanyo lokuBoneka kunye nokuReflectivity

Ukuvavanya ukubonakala kunye nokubonakaliswa kwezibane zentloko ziqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiimeko zangempela zehlabathi. Qala ngokunyusa isibane sentloko kwindawo yovavanyo ukuphinda ufakelo lwaso. Emva koko, yenza imilinganiselo ye-photometric ukuvavanya ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunye nobukhulu. Hlalutya iipatheni zemiqadi kwimisebenzi yomibini ephantsi kunye nephezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunye nokulawula ukukhanya.

Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuhambelana kombala kunye namanqanaba okukhanya kwemveliso yokukhanya. Uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo, olufana nokuvavanya ukusebenza phantsi kokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa kunye nomswakama, kuqinisekisa ukuqina. Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza isikhokelo senyathelo nenyathelo lokuvavanya ukuthotyelwa kwesibane sentloko:

Ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko sidibana nemigangatho yokubonakala kunye nokhuseleko, ukubonelela ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiindawo eziphantsi zokukhanya.

NONEIzibane ze-ANSI 107 ezithobelayo

Ukunyuselwa kwezibane eziphezulu zokubonakala kunika ukhuseleko olubalulekileyo kunye neenzuzo zeendleko. Iibhalbhu zeHalogen, umzekelo, zibiza i-$15 ukuya kwi-$30 inye kwaye unokufakelwa ngokwakho, ukonga iindleko zomsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, iibhalbhu zeHID, ezixabisa i-$100 ukuya kwi-150 yeedola nganye, zifuna ukufakelwa kobungcali, zongeza i-$50 ukuya kwi-$200. Ngaphandle kweendleko zokuqala eziphezulu, iibhalbhu ze-HID zisebenza ngamandla kwaye zihlala ixesha elide, zinciphisa ukuphindaphinda kokutshintshwa. Ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu, iibhalbhu zehalogen zinokuxabisa malunga ne-$150, ngelixa iibhalbhu zeHID zizonke malunga ne-$300, kubandakanywa nokufakela.

Iinzuzo zexesha elide zokuphucula zizodlula iindleko zokuqala. Iibhalbhu zeHID zibonelela ngokukhanya okungcono, ziphucula ukubonakala kunye nokunciphisa iingozi zeengozi. Ngokutyala izibane ezikumgangatho ophezulu, uqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kwendawo yokusebenza okanye iimfuno zomthetho.

Izibane zentloko azinakuwela ngokuthe ngqo phantsi kwemigangatho ye-ANSI/ISEA 107, kodwa zihlala zibalulekile ekuphuculeni ukubonakala nokhuseleko. Kuya kufuneka uvavanye izibane zentloko ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezintathu eziphambili: ukukhanya, ukubonakalisa, kunye nokuqina. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukuba isibane sakho sentloko sisebenza ngaphandle komthungo kunye nempahla ebonakalayo ephezulu, ukudala indawo ekhuselekileyo ekukhanyeni okuphantsi okanye kwiimeko ezinobungozi.