Ukuthobela iMigangatho yeHlabathi: Izibane zentloko zeNdalo eziyingozi

Ukuthobela imigangatho yehlabathi kuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo kunye nokusebenza okubalulekileyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo, ezifanaIzibane zentloko eziqinisekiswe yi-ATEX, zivavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nemozulu eqhumayo, nto leyo enciphisa iingozi kubasebenzi nakwizixhobo. Umzekelo, i-ATEX Directive ye-European Union iyalela uvavanyo olubanzi, oludla ngokubiza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-€100,000 kwaye kuthatha unyaka ukugqitywa. Ukungathobeli imithetho akubeki ubomi emngciphekweni kuphela kodwa kukhokelela nakwizohlwayo eziqatha. Umenzi waseJamani wajongana nezohlwayo ze-€1.2 yezigidi ngo-2021 ngenxa yokusilela kokungena kwamanzi. Le mizekelo igxininisa indima ebalulekileyo yeziqinisekiso ezisemgangathweni ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Ukulandela imithetho yehlabathi, efana ne-ATEX kunye ne-UL, kugcinaizibane zentloko zikhuselekile kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
• Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyoukunciphisa amathuba omlilo okanye ukuqhuma, kugcina abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo zikhuselekile.
• Ukujonga nokulungisa izibane zentloko rhoqo kubalulekile ukuze zihlale zikhuselekile kwaye zisemgangathweni.
• Ukwazi into efunekayo kumsebenzi ngamnye kuyanceda ekukhetheni isibane sentloko esifanelekileyo ukuze kubekho ukhuseleko nokusebenza lula.
• Ukujonga iileyibhile kunye nezatifikethi kwizibane zentloko kuqinisekisa ukuba zikhuselekile kwaye zithembekile.

Iindawo Ezinobungozi Nokuthobela Imithetho

Ukuchaza iindawo ezinobungozi

Iindawo ezinobungozi ziindawo zokusebenza apho ubukho bezinto ezivuthayo, uthuli oluvuthayo, okanye iifayibha ezivuthayo zibeka umngcipheko omkhulu kukhuseleko. Ezi ndawo zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili:

• Iklasi yoku-1: Iindawo ezineegesi ezivuthayo, umphunga, okanye ulwelo, ezifana neendawo zokucoca ipetroliyam kunye neendawo zokucubungula igesi yendalo.
• Iklasi yesiBiniIindawo apho uthuli oluvuthayo, njengeenkozo okanye amasuntswana omgubo, lunokuqokelelana khona, kuquka iilifti zeenkozo kunye neefektri zomgubo.
• Iklasi yesi-3: Iindawo zokusebenzela ezineefayibha ezivuthayo okanye izinto ezibhabhayo, ezifumaneka rhoqo kwiindawo zokwenza amalaphu kunye neendawo zokwenza imithi.

Ukuqonda olu hlobo lokwahlulahlula kunceda amashishini ukuba asebenzise amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo kwaye akhethe izixhobo ezihambelanayo, ezinjeIzibane zentloko eziqinisekiswe yi-ATEX, ukunciphisa iingozi.

Iingozi eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi

Iindawo ezinobungozi zibeka abasebenzi emngciphekweni emininzi, kuquka ukuqhuma, imililo, kunye nokuvezwa yityhefu. Umzekelo, uthuli oluvuthayo kwiindawo zeKlasi yesiBini lunokubangela ukuqhuma okukhulu. Ngokufanayo, iigesi ezivuthayo kwiindawo zeKlasi yoku-1 zinokubangela imililo ukuba zibangelwa zizixhobo zombane. Ezi ngozi zigxininisa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo kunye nezixhobo ezenzelwe ukuthintela ezo ziganeko.

Ukuze kuthotyelwe imigaqo yokhuseleko, amashishini adla ngokwenza uphando ukuze kufunyanwe iingozi ezinokubakho. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ichaza iimfuno eziphambili zokuthobela imithetho:

Kutheni ukuthobela imithetho kubalulekile kukhuseleko

Ukuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi kubalulekile ukukhusela abasebenzi nokunciphisa ukufa kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Umzekelo, iindawo zokwakha iindlela zibika umyinge wokufa kwabasebenzi abayi-123 ngonyaka, kwaye uninzi lweziganeko lunxulunyaniswa nokungathobeli. Ukunamathela kwimigangatho efana ne-American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety Apparel (ANSI/ISEA 107-2020) kunciphisa kakhulu iingozi.

Ukungathobeli imithetho kunokubangela izohlwayo eziqatha, kuquka nezohlwayo ezifikelela kwi-$15,000 ngolwaphulo-mthetho ngalunye oluvela kwi-OSHA. Iziphumo zomthetho, ezifana namatyala kunye namabango e-inshorensi, zigxininisa ngakumbi ukubaluleka kokuthobela imithetho. Izixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo, ezifana nezibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo yi-ATEX, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi ngokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokusebenza engqongqo.

Imigangatho ephambili yehlabathi yezibane zentloko

Izibane zentloko eziqinisekiswe yi-ATEX kunye nokubaluleka kwazo

Izibane zentloko eziqinisekiswe yi-ATEX zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kwiindawo ezinobungozi.izibane zentloko zihambelana nemithetho yaseYurophuI-ATEX Directive ye-Union, elawula izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo eziqhumayo. Isiqinisekiso sabo siqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wemithombo yokutsha kwiindawo ezichazwe njenge-ATEX Zones.

Isatifikethi se-ATEX Zone 1 sibaluleke kakhulu kumashishini afana nemigodi, ioyile negesi. Siqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zomthetho, sithintela iingozi kwaye sikhusela abasebenzi. Abavelisi abasebenzisa izixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo yi-ATEX babonisa ukuzinikela kwabo kukhuseleko lokusebenza, bakha ukuthembana nabathengi kwaye baphucula udumo lwabo.

Ukubaluleka kwezibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo yi-ATEX kudlulela ngaphaya kokuthobela imithetho. Ezi zibane zentloko zizalisekisa uxanduva lokukhusela abasebenzi kunye nempahla kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Uyilo lwazo olungenakuqhuma kunye neempawu zazo ezikhuselekileyo zenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kumashishini apho ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu.

Isatifikethi se-IECEx sokuthobela imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe

Isatifikethi se-IECEx sibonelela ngesakhelo esaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela sokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwiindawo eziqhumayo. Esi satifikethi senza kube lula ukuthobela imithetho kubavelisi ngokuphelisa imfuneko yesatifikethi ezininzi zelizwe. Siluncedo ngakumbi kwiinkampani ezifuna ukwandisa iimarike zamazwe ngamazwe, njengoko siqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi.

Inkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwe-IECEx ibandakanya ukufumana iSatifikethi sokuThotyelwa kweMithetho se-IECEx. Olu xwebhu luqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho ye-IECEx, nto leyo ephucula ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Ngokulungisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, isiqinisekiso se-IECEx sinciphisa iindleko kwaye sikhawulezisa ukungena kwimarike kwabavelisi.

• Isatifikethi se-IECEx sinika iskimu esidibeneyo esinciphisa ubunzima bokulandela imithetho eyahlukeneyo yelizwe.
• Ixhasa abavelisi ekungeneni kwiimarike ezintsha ngokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko yamazwe ngamazwe.
• Inkqubo yokuqinisekiswa ibandakanya uvavanyo oluqatha kunye novavanyo, oluqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ye-IECEx yeemeko eziqhumayo.

Isatifikethi se-UL saseNyakatho Melika

Isatifikethi se-UL sisisiseko sokuthobela ukhuseleko eMntla Melika. Siqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kommandla, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo ze-UL zivavanyelwa nzima ukuqinisekisa uyilo lwazo olungenakuqhuma kwaye lukhuselekile ngokwangaphakathi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifaneleke kumashishini afana nokwakha, iikhemikhali zepetroli, kunye nemveliso.

Isatifikethi se-UL sikwajongana nomahluko wemimandla kwimigangatho. Umzekelo, sihambelana nemithetho yeNational Electrical Code (NEC) kunye ne-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nemigaqo yokhuseleko yaseMntla Melika. Olu lungelelwaniso lwenza izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo ze-UL zibe lukhetho oluthembekileyo kumashishini asebenza eMelika naseKhanada.

Abavelisi bayazuza kwisiqinisekiso se-UL ngokufumana ukufikelela kwimarike ebanzi nokubonisa ukuzinikela kwabo kukhuseleko. Abasebenzi baxhomekeke kwizibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo ze-UL ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, ukusebenza kwazo, kunye nokuthobela imithetho yasekuhlaleni, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwiindawo ezinzima.

Umahluko wengingqi kwimigangatho

Imigangatho yezibane zentloko ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungozi yahlukile kakhulu kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Olu tshintsho lubonisa izikhokelo zomthetho ezizodwa, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, kunye neemfuno zoshishino zommandla ngamnye. Abavelisi kufuneka balandele olu tshintsho ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kunye nokugcina ukhuseleko kwiimarike ezahlukeneyo.

IYurophu: Umyalelo we-ATEX

IYurophu inyanzelisa i-ATEX Directive, elawula izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo eziqhumayo. Lo mthetho uhlela iindawo ezinobungozi ngokusekelwe kumathuba okuba kubekho iimeko eziqhumayo. Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo yi-ATEX zibalulekile kumashishini asebenza kwezi ndawo, njengoko zihlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko ezingqongqo. Lo myalelo uyalela ukuba kuvavanywe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko aziqhumi kwaye zikhuselekile ngokwangaphakathi.

UMntla Melika: Imigangatho ye-UL

EMantla Melika, isiqinisekiso se-UL silawula imeko-bume yomthetho. Imigangatho ye-UL ihambelana nemigaqo yeSizwe yoMbane (i-NEC) kunye nezikhokelo zoKhuseleko lwezeMpilo emsebenzini (i-OSHA). Le migangatho ibeka phambili uyilo olungenakuqhuma kunye nokuhambelana neenkqubo zokhuseleko zasekuhlaleni. Amashishini afana neekhemikhali zepetroli kunye nolwakhiwo axhomekeke kakhulu kwizibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo ze-UL ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuthobela imithetho yengingqi.

I-Asia-Pacific: IiNkqubo eziPhumayo

Ummandla waseAsia-Pacific ubonisa umxube wemigangatho esele imiselwe nesakhulayo. Amazwe afana ne-Australia neNew Zealand amkela isiqinisekiso se-IECEx, eqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho ngamazwe ngamazwe. Okwangoku, amazwe afana neTshayina neIndiya aphuhlisa izikhokelo zasekuhlaleni ukujongana neemfuno zawo zoshishino ezizodwa. Abavelisi abajolise kulo mmandla kufuneka bazivumelanise nemeko-bume yokulawula eguqukayo.

Iziphumo kubavelisi

Umahluko wemimandla kwimigangatho uzisa imingeni kubavelisi. Kufuneka batyale imali kwiziqinisekiso ezenzelwe iimarike ezithile, nto leyo enokunyusa iindleko kunye nobunzima. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda olu tshintsho kukwanika amathuba okukhula. Ngokuvelisa izibane zentloko ezihambelana nemigangatho emininzi, abavelisi banokwandisa ukufikelela kwabo kwihlabathi liphela kwaye baphucule udumo lwabo lokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka.

Ingcebiso:Iinkampani kufuneka zibeke phambili iziqinisekiso ezifana ne-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx ukuze kube lula ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kwiindawo ezininzi.

Iimpawu zezibane zentloko ezihambelanayo

Uyilo olungenakuqhuma kwaye olukhuselekileyo ngokwangaphakathi

Uyilo olungenakuqhuma nolukhuselekileyo ngokwangaphakathi lubalulekile kwizibane zentloko ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo azivuthisi imozulu eqhumayo, zikhusela abasebenzi kunye nezakhiwo. Izibane zentloko ezikhuselekileyo ngokwangaphakathi, ezihlala ziqinisekiswe yi-ATEX, zenzelwe ukusebenza ngamandla amancinci, zithintela iintlantsi okanye ubushushu obunokubangela ukuqhuma.

Amanyathelo aphambili abonisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokumelana nokuqhuma kunye neyokhuseleko lwangaphakathi aquka:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziqinisekisiweyo yi-ATEX ezenzelwe ukuthintela ukutsha kwiindawo eziqhumayo.
• Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa iimeko zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo.
• Ukuhlanganiswa kweenkqubo zokufumanisa igesi ukuze kujongwe iigesi eziqhumayo okanye umphunga.
• Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ezaneleyo ukunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwezinto ezinokutsha.
• Ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zokhuseleko kunye neenkqubo zongxamiseko kwiimeko zeengozi.

Ezi mpawu zenza ukuba izibane zentloko ezihambelanayo zibe yinto ebalulekileyo kumashishini afana nemigodi, ioyile kunye negesi, apho ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu.

Imigangatho yokungangeni manzi, engangeni luthuli, kwaye engangeni ntshoko

Izibane zentloko ezenzelwe iindawo ezinobungozi kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho eqinileyo yokungangeni manzi, uthuli, kunye nokumelana nokutshatyalaliswa ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nokuthembeka. Izibane zentloko ezininzi ezihambelanayo zifikelela kumazinga aphezulu oKhuseleko lokuNgena (IP), nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ziyakwazi ukumelana neemeko ezinzima. Umzekelo, iimodeli ezifana neFenix ​​HM50R V2.0 kunye neNitecore HC33 zinezinga le-IP68, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zingangeni thuli kwaye zikwazi ukuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu engama-30. Ezinye, ezifana neZebralight H600c Mk IV 18650, zinezinga le-IPX8, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukumelana namanzi nakwiindawo ezinzima.

Uninzi lwezibane zentloko ezihambelanayo nazo zihlangabezana nemigangatho ye-IPX4 ubuncinane, zibonelela ngokhuseleko emvuleni nasekhephu. Eli nqanaba lokuqina livumela abasebenzi ukuba bathembele kwizixhobo zabo ngexesha lemisebenzi yangaphandle, nokuba imeko yemozulu imbi. Uyilo olungenakoyiswa luphucula ngakumbi ukuqina, luqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyakwazi ukumelana nokuwa okanye ukungqubana ngengozi ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukusebenza.

Ukusebenza kokukhanyisa kunye nee-angles zemitha ezihlengahlengiswayo

Ukusebenza kokukhanya yinto ebalulekileyo kwizibane zentloko kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Izibane zentloko ezihambelanayo ziyavavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukukhanya okufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokubangela ukukhanya okanye ukungonwabi. Umzekelo, izibane zentloko ze-Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB) ziyavavanywa phantsi kweemeko ezitshintshayo ukulinganisa amanqanaba e-lux kunye nokumisela imida yokukhanya. Ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba ukukhanya okukhanya kuphucula ukubonakala ngelixa kugcinwa ukhuseleko kwabanye abakufutshane.

Ii-engile zemitha ezihlengahlengiswayo zezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Izibane ezininzi ze-LED zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba balungise indlela yokukhanya, bayijolise apho ifuneka khona kakhulu. Oku kulungiswa kuphucula ukubonakala kwiindawo ezivalekileyo kwaye kuthintela ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Abasebenzi kumashishini afana nokwakha kunye neekhemikhali zepetroli baxhamla kakhulu kwezi mpawu, njengoko zivumela ukukhanya okuchanekileyo kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukhuseleko lwebhetri kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwexesha lokusebenza

Ukhuseleko lwebhetri kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwexesha lokusebenza zizinto ezibalulekileyo xa ukhetha izibane zentloko kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo ngelixa zinciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwebhetri, njengokushisa kakhulu okanye ukuvuza, okunokubangela iimeko eziyingozi.

Izibane zentloko zanamhlanje ezihambelanayo ziquka ubuchwepheshe bebhetri obuphambili obuyilelwe ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo. Iimodeli ezininzi zisebenzisaiibhetri ze-lithium-ion, eyaziwa ngokuba namandla aphezulu kunye nobomi obude. Ezi bhetri zihlala ziquka iindlela zokhuseleko ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, ezinje ngokukhusela ukutshaja kakhulu kunye nokunqunyulwa kobushushu, ukuthintela ubushushu obugqithisileyo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiimeko ezimandundu.

Ingcebiso:Soloko uqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yebhetri yesibane sentloko iyahambelana neziqinisekiso ezifana ne-ATEX okanye i-IECEx ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwiindawo eziqhumayo.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwexesha lokusebenza kubaluleke ngokulinganayo, ingakumbi kumashishini afuna iiyure zokusebenza ezinde. Izibane zentloko ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zihlala zinezibaneiteknoloji ye-LED eyonga amandla, nto leyo eyandisa ubomi bebhetri ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukukhanya. Ezinye iimodeli zibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zokukhanyisa, ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuba balungise amanqanaba okukhanya ngokusekelwe kwimisebenzi ethile. Oku kulungelelaniswa konga amandla kwaye kwandisa ixesha lokusebenza, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazanyiswayo ngexesha lemisebenzi ebalulekileyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili eziphucula ukhuseleko lwebhetri kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwexesha lokusebenza ziquka:

• Ukutshajwa kwakhona kwe-USB: Ivumela ukutshaja okulula ngemithombo eyahlukeneyo, njengeebhanki zamandla okanye iiadaptha zodonga.
• Izalathi zeBhetri: Nika uhlaziyo lwangempela kumandla aseleyo, nto leyo enceda abasebenzisi ukuba bacebe ukuphinda batshaje ngokufanelekileyo.
• Iindlela zamandla aphantsi: Yandisa ixesha lokusebenza ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lemisebenzi engenzima kangako.

Abasebenzi kumashishini afana nezemigodi kunye neoyile negesi baxhamla kakhulu kolu phuculo. Iinkqubo zebhetri ezithembekileyo zinciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kwaye zonyusa imveliso, ngelixa iimpawu zokhuseleko zikhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo. Ngokubeka phambili ukhuseleko lwebhetri kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwexesha lokusebenza, abavelisi baqinisekisa ukuba izibane zabo zentloko ziyahlangabezana neemfuno eziqatha zeendawo ezinobungozi.

Inkqubo yeSatifikethi kunye nemingeni

Amanyathelo okufumana isiqinisekiso

Ukufumana isiqinisekiso seizibane zentloko ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungoziibandakanya inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi. Abavelisi kufuneka balandele uthotho lwamanyathelo abhaliweyo ukuze bahlangabezane neemfuno zomthetho. La manyathelo aquka:

Inyathelo ngalinye liqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko siyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko efunekayo. Umzekelo, uvavanyo loyilo lugxila ekuchongeni iingozi ezinokubakho, ngelixa uvavanyo luqinisekisa amandla esixhobo okusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kweemeko eziyingozi. Uhlolo luqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yokugqibela iyahambelana noyilo oluvunyiweyo, kwaye uphononongo lwamaxwebhu luqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho.

Imingeni ejongene nabavelisi

Abavelisi bajongene nemingeni eliqela xa befuna isiqinisekiso sezibane zentloko kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Le nkqubo idla ngokubandakanya utyalo-mali olukhulu lwezemali nexesha. Imirhumo yovavanyo kunye nesiqinisekiso inokuba nkulu, ingakumbi kwiziqinisekiso ezifana ne-ATEX okanye i-IECEx, ezifuna uvavanyo oluqatha. Ukongeza, ixesha lokufumana isiqinisekiso linokudlula iinyanga ezininzi, libazise ukuqaliswa kwemveliso.

Ukujonga umahluko wemimandla kwimigangatho kongeza olunye udidi lobunzima. Abavelisi kufuneka bahlengahlengise uyilo lwabo ukuze luhlangabezane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo kwiimarike, ezifana ne-ATEX eYurophu kunye ne-UL eMntla Melika. Olu hlengahlengiso lunyusa iindleko zemveliso kwaye lunzima ulawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ohambelanayo ngexesha lemveliso enkulu kuhlala kungumngeni obalulekileyo, njengoko naluphi na uphambuko kuyilo oluqinisekisiweyo lunokukhokelela ekungathotyelweni.

Ukubaluleka kovavanyo lomntu wesithathu

Uvavanyo lomntu wesithathu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko. Izakhiwo zovavanyo ezizimeleyo zibonelela ngokuqinisekiswa okungenamkhethe, okuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo ezifana nemigangatho ye-FMVSS 108. Ezi zakhiwo zivunyiweyo zisebenzisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo ezihambelana nezikhokelo ze-NHTSA, ziqinisekisa iziphumo ezichanekileyo nezikhuselekileyo.

Uvavanyo lomntu wesithathu lukwakhawulezisa ukulungela imakethi. Ngokuchonga iingxaki ezinokubakho kwangethuba, abavelisi banokuzisombulula ngaphambi kokungenisa amaxwebhu, nto leyo enciphisa ukulibaziseka okubangelwa kuvavanyo olungaphumelelanga. Ukongeza, ubuchule babavavanyi bomntu wesithathu buqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokuthobela imithetho zichanekile, nto leyo ephucula ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwezibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo. Olu qinisekiso oluzimeleyo lwakha ukuthembana phakathi kwabathengi kunye nemibutho yolawulo, nto leyo eqinisa ukubaluleka kovavanyo lomntu wesithathu kwinkqubo yoqinisekiso.

Ukukhetha isibane sentloko esifanelekileyo

Ukuchonga iimfuno ezithile zoshishino

Ukukhetha isibane sentloko esifanelekileyo kuqala ngokuqonda iimfuno ezizodwa zeshishini ngalinye. Amacandelo ahlukeneyo afuna iimpawu ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuthobela imithetho kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Umzekelo, imisebenzi yemigodi ibeka phambili uyilo olungenakuqhuma, ngelixa iinkonzo zongxamiseko zifuna izibane zentloko eziqinileyo, ezingangeni manzi kwiimeko ezingalindelekanga. Uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lweemfuno ezithile zeshishini lunceda ukunciphisa ukhetho kwaye luqinisekise ukuba isibane sentloko esikhethiweyo sihambelana neemfuno zokusebenza.

Iingcali kwezi candelo kufuneka zihlole iimeko zazo zokusebenza kwaye zibeke phambili iimpawu ezijongene nemingeni yazo. Umzekelo, amaqela emigodi asebenza kwiindawo eziqhumayo axhamla kwizibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo yi-ATEX ezihlala ixesha elide zebhetri kunye nezixhobo ezimelana nokuchaphazeleka. Ngokufanayo, iingcali zeemoto zinokukhetha uyilo oluncinci oluneziseko zemagnethi zokusebenza ngaphandle kwezandla.

Ingcebiso:Ukuhlola ngokucokisekileyo iingozi zasemsebenzini kunye neemfuno zokusebenza kuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko siyahlangabezana nolindelo lokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza.

Ukuqinisekisa iziqinisekiso kunye neelebheli

Iziqinisekiso kunye neelebheli zibonelela ngesiqinisekiso sokuba isibane sentloko siyahambelana nemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi. Ukuqinisekisa ezi ziqinisekiso linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekukhetheni izixhobo zeendawo ezinobungozi. Abavelisi bavavanywa ngokuqatha kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zomthetho. Ezi nkqubo ziquka uvavanyo lwelabhoratri, ukuhlolwa kwemveliso, kunye nokuhlolwa kwamaxwebhu.

• Uvavanyo lwesatifikethi luvavanya iiparameter eziphambili ezifana nokukhupha ukukhanya, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokhuseleko lombane.
• Imibutho efana ne-Intertek inikezela ngesatifikethi kwimigangatho eyaziwayo kuzwelonke, iqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweemveliso eziqinisekisiweyo.
• Iincwadi zeemveliso zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baqinisekise ubunyani beempawu zesatifikethi kwizibane zentloko.

Ukongeza, abavelisi bavavanya ukhuseleko lwezinto ezibalulekileyo xa besebenzisana nayo yonke inkqubo. Ukulinganisa imithwalo eyahlukeneyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kunceda ekuchongeni iingozi ezinokubakho, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko sisebenza ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Le ndlela ibanzi iqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zeendawo ezinobungozi.

Phawula:Soloko ujonga iimpawu zesatifikethi ezifana ne-ATEX, i-IECEx, okanye i-UL kwimveliso kwaye uziqinisekise ngee-directory ezithembekileyo okanye imibutho yesatifikethi.

Ukuvavanya ukuqina nokusebenza

Ukuqina nokusebenza kakuhle zizinto ezibalulekileyo xa kukhethwa izibane zentloko kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Izibane zentloko ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka zimelane neemeko ezinzima ngelixa zibonelela ngokusebenza kokukhanya rhoqo. Izifundo ezivavanya ukusebenza kwezibane zentloko zibonisa ukubaluleka kweempawu ezinje ngomgama wokubona, impembelelo yokukhanya, kunye nokuphucula ukubonakala.

Ezi ziphumo zigxininisa ukubaluleka kobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa obuphambili ekuphuculeni ukubonakala nokhuseleko. Ii-engile zemitha ezihlengahlengiswayo ziphucula ukusebenza ngokuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bagxile ukukhanya ngqo apho kufuneka khona. Olu phawu lubonakala lubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezixineneyo okanye ngexesha lemisebenzi eneenkcukacha.

Ukuqina kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Izibane zentloko ezenzelwe iindawo ezinobungozi zihlala zinemigangatho yokungangeni manzi, uthuli, kunye nokumelana nokutsha. Iimodeli ezinezinga eliphezulu loKhuseleko lokuNgena (IP), ezifana ne-IP68, ziqinisekisa ukumelana namanzi kunye nothuli, nto leyo ezenza zilungele iimeko ezinzima. Uyilo olungena kutsha lukhusela isibane sentloko ekuweni ngengozi, luqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide.

Ingcebiso:Khangela izibane zentloko ezinokuqina okuqinisekisiweyo kunye neempawu zokukhanyisa eziphambili ukuze ukhuseleke kwaye usebenze kakuhle kwiindawo ezinzima.

Iingcebiso kumashishini afana nemigodi, ioyile negesi

Ukukhetha isibane sentloko esifanelekileyo kumashishini afana nezemigodi, ioyile negesi kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kwiimfuno ezithile zokusebenza. La macandelo asebenza kwiindawo ezinobungozi apho ukhuseleko, ukuqina, kunye nokusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu. Izibane zentloko kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

1. Ukukhanya kunye nohlobo lweBeam
   Imisebenzi yokwemba kunye neoyile kunye negesi idla ngokwenzeka kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuphantsi okanye phantsi komhlaba. Izibane zentloko ezine-lumen ephezulu zibonelela ngokukhanya okwaneleyo kwezi meko. Umzekelo, amaqela emigodi axhamla kwizibane zentloko ezine-spot beam ukuze agxile ekukhanyeni kwizinto ezikude, ngelixa abasebenzi beoyile kunye negesi banokufuna imisebe yezandyondyo ukuze babonakale ngokubanzi. Ii-engile zemitha ezihlengahlengiswayo ziphucula ukuguquguquka, zivumela abasebenzi ukuba baziqhelanise nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
2. Ubomi bebhetri kunye nexesha lokusebenza
   Utshintsho olude kwezi mveliso lufuna izibane zentloko ezineebhetri ezihlala ixesha elide. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion ezinokhuseleko lokutshaja kakhulu ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokhuseleko. Iimodeli ezibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zokukhanyisa, ezifana noseto lwamandla aphantsi, zinceda ukonga amandla ngexesha lemisebenzi engenzima kangako. Ukutshaja nge-USB kongeza lula, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuba batshaje izibane zabo zentloko besebenzisa imithombo yamandla ephathekayo.
3. Iimpawu Zokuqina Nokhuseleko
   Izibane zentloko ezisetyenziswa kwimigodi, kwioyile nakwigesi kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana neemeko ezinzima, kuquka ukuvezwa luthuli, amanzi, kunye neempembelelo. Iimodeli ezinezinga eliphezulu loKhuseleko lokuNgena (IP), ezifana ne-IP68, ziqinisekisa ukumelana namanzi kunye nothuli. Uyilo olungenakuqhuma nolukhuselekileyo ngaphakathi lubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukutsha kwiindawo eziqhumayo. Ezi mpawu zihambelana neziqinisekiso ezifana ne-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko lwehlabathi.
4. Iindlela zokukhanyisa ezikhethekileyo
   Imisebenzi ethile kwezi mveliso ifuna iindlela ezithile zokukhanyisa. Umzekelo, iindlela zokubona ebusuku ezibomvu zigcina umbono olungelelaniswe nobusuku, ngelixa ukukhanya kwe-UV kunceda ekufumaneni ukuvuza okanye ukuhlola izixhobo. Abasebenzi kufuneka bakhethe izibane zentloko ezibonelela ngezi ndlela zikhethekileyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi kunye nokhuseleko.

Iinkcukacha ezicetyiswayo yiShishini

Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza iinkcukacha zezibane zentloko ezicetyiswayo kumashishini afana nemigodi, ioyile negesi. Ezi zikhokelo zinceda abasebenzi bakhethe izixhobo ezenzelwe iimfuno zabo zokusebenza ezizodwa.

Ingcebiso:Abasebenzi bemigodi neoyile negesi kufuneka babeke phambili izibane zentloko ezineziqinisekiso ezifana ne-ATEX okanye i-IECEx. Ezi ziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye zinciphisa iingozi kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Iingcebiso Ezisebenzayo

• Kwimisebenzi yeMigodi: Khetha izibane zentloko ezinobuncinci be-lumens ezili-120 kunye nomqadi ocacileyo wokukhanyisa okugxile ngqo. Khangela iimodeli ezinezixhobo ezimelana nokuchaphazeleka kunye nobomi bebhetri obude ukuze zikwazi ukumelana neemeko zangaphantsi komhlaba.
• Ukuhlola ioyile negesi: Khetha izibane zentloko ezibonelela ngemitha yemvula kunye neendlela zokubona ebusuku ezibomvu. Qinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko asiqhumi kwaye sisebenza ubuncinane iiyure ezili-10 ukuxhasa iishifti ezongeziweyo.
• Ukucubungula iikhemikhali: Khetha izibane zentloko ezineendlela ze-UV okanye ezibomvu kwimisebenzi ekhethekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho ye-ATEX okanye ye-IECEx ukuthintela ukutsha kwiindawo eziguquguqukayo.

Ngokulungelelanisa iimpawu zezibane zentloko neemfuno ezithile zoshishino, abasebenzi banokuphucula ukhuseleko, imveliso, kunye nokuthobela imithetho kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Ukuthobela imigangatho yehlabathi kuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko ebalulekileyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Uyilo oluqinisekisiweyo lukhusela abasebenzi kwaye lunciphisa iingozi zokusebenza. Uphando olunzulu kunye nokuqinisekiswa kweziqinisekiso kunceda amashishini ukuba aphephe isohlwayo kwaye aqinisekise ukuthembeka.

Ukuhlala unolwazi ngemigangatho etshintshayo kuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza. Uphando lubonisa uphuculo olufana nezibane zentloko eziguquguqukayo kunye nemibala ye-LED eyahlukileyo, ephucula ukubonakala nokunciphisa ukukhanya. Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza iziphumo eziphambili:

Ngokubeka phambili ukuthobela imithetho nokuhlala unolwazi, amashishini anokukhusela abasebenzi, aphucule ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye azivumelanise nezinto ezintsha zexesha elizayo.

FAQ

Ithetha ukuthini isiqinisekiso se-ATEX kwizibane zentloko?

Isatifikethi se-ATEX siqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko yaseYurophu kwimozulu eqhumayo. Siqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo azinakuqhuma kwaye zikhuselekile ngokwazo, nto leyo enciphisa iingozi zokutsha kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Abasebenzi bangaqinisekisa njani isiqinisekiso sesibane sentloko?

Abasebenzi banokujonga iimpawu zesatifikethi ezifana ne-ATEX, i-IECEx, okanye i-UL kwimveliso. Ukuqinisekiswa ngee-directory ezithembekileyo okanye amaqumrhu esatifikethi kuqinisekisa ubunyani.

Kutheni ii-angles zemitha ezihlengahlengiswayo zibalulekile kwiindawo ezinobungozi?

Ii-engile zemitha ezihlengahlengiswayo zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bagxile ekukhanyeni ngqo apho kufuneka khona. Olu phawu luphucula ukubonakala kwiindawo ezixineneyo kwaye luphucula ukhuseleko ngexesha lemisebenzi eneenkcukacha.

Ibaluleke ngantoni ireyithingi ye-IP kwizibane zentloko?

Izilinganiso ze-IP zilinganisa ukumelana namanzi, uthuli, kunye neempembelelo. Izilinganiso eziphezulu, ezifana ne-IP68, ziqinisekisa ukuqina kwiimeko ezimandundu, nto leyo eyenza izibane zentloko zithembeke kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Ngaba izibane ze-USB ezitshajwayo zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso?

Izibane zentloko ezitshajwayo ze-USB zibonelela ngokulula nangokusebenza kakuhle. Zivumela ukutshaja ngemithombo ephathwayo efana neebhanki zamandla, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngexesha lokutshintshana ixesha elide.