Ukwenziwa kwezibane zentloko kwiibhrendi zangaphandle: Iinkcukacha zobugcisa kunye novavanyo lokusebenza

Iimpawu zangaphandle zibeka phambili iinkcukacha zobugcisa kunye novavanyo oluqinileyo lokusebenza. Olu qwalaselo lucokisekileyo luqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lomsebenzisi kubathengi. Le posi yebhlog ikhokela iimpawu zangaphandle kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zokwenza izibane zentloko ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukunamathela kule migangatho kubalulekile. Ibonelela ngeemveliso ezithembekileyo kwiindawo zangaphandle ezifuna kakhulu.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Ukwenziwa kwezibane zentlokoifuna imithetho eqinileyo yobugcisa. Le mithetho iqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zigcina abasebenzisi bekhuselekile.
• Iimpawu eziphambili ezifana nokukhanya, ubomi bebhetri, kunye nokukhuselwa kwamanzi zibaluleke kakhulu. Zinceda izibane zentloko zisebenze kwiindawo ezingaphandle ezinzima.
• Ukuvavanya izibane zentloko ngeendlela ezininzi kuyimfuneko. Oku kuquka ukujonga isibane, ibhetri, kunye nendlela ezimelana ngayo nemozulu embi.
• Uyilo oluhle lwenza izibane zentloko zibe lula kwaye zibe mnandi ukuzisebenzisa. Oku kunceda abantu bazisebenzise ixesha elide ngaphandle kweengxaki.
• Ukulandela imithetho yokhuseleko kunye novavanyo kunceda iimpawu ukuba zakhe ukuthembana. Kukwaqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko zisemgangathweni kwaye zithembekile.

Iinkcukacha zoBugcisa eziPhambili zoMveliso weZibane zeNtloko zangaphandle

Iimpawu zangaphandle kufuneka zimisele iinkcukacha zobugcisa eziqinileyo ngexesha lokwenziwa kwezibane zentloko. Ezi nkcukacha zakha isiseko sokusebenza kwemveliso, ukuthembeka, kunye nokwaneliseka kwabasebenzisi. Ukunamathela kule migangatho kuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zeendawo zangaphandle.

Imigangatho yoMphumo weLumen kunye nomgama weBeam

Ukuphuma kwe-Lumen kunye nomgama we-beam zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokulinganisa izibane zentloko. Zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla omsebenzisi okubona nokuhamba phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Kubasebenzi baseYurophu, izibane zentloko kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho ye-EN ISO 12312-2. Oku kuthobela kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye namanqanaba okukhanya afanelekileyo okusetyenziswa ngobuchwephesha. Imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ifuna uluhlu oluthile lwe-lumen ukuze yenze imisebenzi ngokufanelekileyo.

I-ANSI FL1 Standard ibonelela ngeelebheli ezingaguquguqukiyo nezicacileyo kubathengi. Le migangatho ichaza ii-lumens njengomlinganiselo wokukhanya okubonakalayo. Ikwachaza umgama wemitha njengomgama ophezulu okhanyisiweyo ukuya kwi-0.25 lux, olingana nokukhanya kwenyanga okugcweleyo. Umgama wemitha osebenzisekayo odla ngokulinganisa isiqingatha sereyithingi ye-FL1 echaziweyo.

Abavelisi basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa nokuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwe-lumen yesibane kunye nomgama we-beam. Ezi ndlela ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuhambelana.

• Iinkqubo zokulinganisa ezisekelwe kwimifanekiso zibamba ukukhanya kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo. Zifaka imisebe yezibane zentloko eludongeni okanye kwisikrini seLambertian.
• Isoftware ye-PM-HL, idityaniswe neProMetric Imaging Photometers kunye neColorimeters, ivumela ukulinganiswa ngokukhawuleza kwazo zonke iindawo zepateni yomqadi wesibane sentloko. Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.
• Isoftware ye-PM-HL ibandakanya ii-presets zePoint of Interest (POI) kwimigangatho ephambili yoshishino. Le migangatho ibandakanya i-ECE R20, i-ECE R112, i-ECE R123, kunye ne-FMVSS 108, ezichaza amanqaku athile ovavanyo.
• Izixhobo ze-Road Illumination kunye neGradient POI zezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwiphakheji ye-PM-HL. Zibonelela ngovavanyo olupheleleyo lwezibane zentloko.
• Ngokwembali, indlela eqhelekileyo yayibandakanya ukusebenzisa imitha yokukhanyisa ephathwa ngesandla. Iingcali zazivavanya ngesandla indawo nganye eludongeni apho umqadi wesibane sentloko uvela khona.

Ubomi bebhetri kunye neenkqubo zoLawulo lwaMandla

Ubomi bebhetri bubaluleke kakhulu kwizibane zentloko zangaphandle. Abasebenzisi baxhomekeke kumandla angaguquguqukiyo ixesha elide. Okukhona ukukhanya kukhanya ngakumbi kwisibane sentloko, kokukhona ubomi bebhetri buya kuba bufutshane. Ubomi bebhetri buxhomekeke kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngomgangatho ophantsi, ophakathi, ophezulu, okanye ojikelezayo. Abasebenzisi kufuneka bahlole iinkcukacha 'zexesha lokutshisa' zeziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya. Oku kubanceda bakhethe isibane sentloko esisebenza kakuhle kwiindlela zabo ezifunekayo.

Iinkqubo zolawulo lwamandla ezisebenzayo zandisa ubomi bebhetri yezibane zentloko. Ezi nkqubo ziphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye zibonelela ngokusebenza rhoqo.

• I-Sunoptic LX2 ineebhetri ezisebenza kakuhle ngakumbi ezine-voltage ephantsi. Ibonelela ngexesha lokusebenza eliqhubekayo leeyure ezi-3 xa zisebenza ngokupheleleyo ngeebhetri eziqhelekileyo. Oku kuphinda kabini ukuya kwiiyure ezi-6 xa zineebhetri ezihlala ixesha elide.
• Iswitshi yokuphuma eguquguqukayo ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba basete iziphumo zokukhanya ezahlukeneyo. Oku kwandisa ngokuthe ngqo ubomi bebhetri. Umzekelo, i-50% yokuphuma inokuphinda kabini ubomi bebhetri ukusuka kwiiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-6, okanye iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-8.

I-Fenix ​​HM75R isebenzisa 'iNkqubo yePower Xtend'. Le nkqubo idibanisa ibhanki yamandla yangaphandle nebhetri eqhelekileyo ye-18650 ngaphakathi kwesibane sentloko. Oku kwandisa kakhulu ixesha lokusebenza xa kuthelekiswa nezibane zentloko ezisebenzisa ibhetri enye kuphela. Ibhanki yamandla inokutshaja nezinye izixhobo.

Ukumelana namanzi nothuli (ii-IP ratings)

Ukumelana namanzi nothuli kubalulekile kwizibane zentloko zangaphandle. Ukulinganiswa koKhuseleko lokungena (IP) kubonisa amandla esixhobo okumelana nezinto ezingqongileyo. Olu vavanyo lubalulekile ekuqineni kwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lomsebenzisi kwiimeko ezinzima.

Abavelisi basebenzisa iinkqubo ezithile zovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukulinganiswa kwe-IP yesibane sentloko. Ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba imveliso iyahlangabezana namanqanaba ayo okuxhathisa achazwe.

• Uvavanyo lwe-IPX4kubandakanya ukuveza izixhobo emanzini aphuma kuzo zonke iindlela ixesha elimiselweyo. Oku kulinganisa iimeko zemvula.
• Uvavanyo lwe-IPX6ifuna izixhobo zokumelana neejethi zamanzi ezinamandla ezitshizwa kwiikona ezithile.
• Uvavanyo lwe-IPX7ifaka izixhobo emanzini ukuya kuthi ga kwimitha enye ubunzulu kangangemizuzu engama-30. Oku kujonga ukuba akukho kuvuza na.

Inkqubo eneenkcukacha iqinisekisa ukuqinisekiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwereyithingi ye-IP:

1. Ukulungiselela imizekeloIingcali zifakela isixhobo phantsi kovavanyo (DUT) kwi-turntable ngokwendlela esilungiselelwe ngayo inkonzo. Zonke iiports zangaphandle kunye nezigqubuthelo zenziwe ngendlela ebeziya kuba yiyo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesiqhelo.
2. Ukulinganiswa kwenkqubo: Ngaphambi kovavanyo, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe iiparameter ezibalulekileyo. Ezi ziquka igeyiji yoxinzelelo, ubushushu bamanzi kwindawo yokukhupha amanzi, kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi. Umgama ukusuka kwi-nozzle ukuya kwi-DUT kufuneka ube phakathi kwe-100mm kunye ne-150mm.
3. Uvavanyo lweProfayili yoHlolo: Ulandelelwano lovavanyo olufunekayo lucwangcisiwe. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya amacandelo amane ahambelana nee-engile zokutshiza (0°, 30°, 60°, 90°). Icandelo ngalinye lihlala imizuzwana engama-30 kunye ne-turntable ejikelezayo kwi-5 rpm.
4. Uvavanyo Lokwenziwa: Ucango lwegumbi luvaliwe, kwaye umjikelo ozenzekelayo uqala. Ucinezela kwaye ufudumeze amanzi ngaphambi kokuba atshizwe ngokulandelelana ngokweprofayili ecwangcisiweyo.
5. Uhlalutyo lwasemva kovavanyo: Emva kokugqitywa, iingcali zisusa i-DUT ukuze zihlolwe ngamehlo ukuba azinamanzi na. Zikwaqhuba novavanyo olusebenzayo. Oku kungabandakanya uvavanyo lwamandla e-dielectric, ukulinganisa ukumelana nobushushu, kunye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane.

Ukumelana neempembelelo kunye nokuqina kwezinto

Izibane zentloko zangaphandle kufuneka zimelane noxinzelelo olukhulu lomzimba. Ngenxa yoko, ukumelana nempembelelo kunye nokuqina kwezinto kubalulekile. Abavelisi bakhetha izinto ngenxa yokukwazi kwabo ukumelana nokuwa, ukugquma, kunye neemeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo. Izinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, ezimelana nempembelelo ezifana neplastiki ye-ABS kunye ne-aluminium yodidi lwenqwelo-moya zixhaphakile kwiikhava zezibane zentloko. Ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwizibane zentloko ezikhuselekileyo ezisebenza kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Ziqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwesibane sentloko akuphazamiseki.

Ukuze kubekho ukumelana nempembelelo efanelekileyo, izinto ezifana ne-aluminium yodidi lwenqwelo-moya kunye ne-polycarbonate eqinileyo ziyacetyiswa kakhulu. Ezi zinto ziyayifunxa ngempumelelo imingxunya. Zikhusela izinto zangaphakathi ekonakalisweni ngexesha leengozi zangaphandle, ukuwa ngengozi, okanye iimpembelelo ezingalindelekanga. Oku kuzenza zithembeke ekusetyenzisweni okuqinileyo. Umzekelo, i-Polycarbonate inika ukuqina okugqwesileyo kunye nokuqina. Iyamelana nempembelelo ngempumelelo. Abavelisi banokwenza i-polycarbonate ukuze imelane nokuvezwa yi-UV. Oku kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokucaca kwayo kwiindawo zangaphandle. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiilensi zezibane zeemoto kubonisa ngakumbi amandla ayo okunyamezela iimpembelelo.

Abavelisi basebenzisa iindlela zokuvavanya ezingqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nempembelelo. I-'Drop Ball Impact Test' ivavanya ukuqina kwezinto. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuwisa ibhola enobunzima ukusuka kubude obumiselweyo ukuya kwisampulu yezinto. Amandla afunxwa yisampulu xa ichaphazeleka amisela ukuqina kwayo ngokuchasene nokuqhekeka okanye ukuguquka. Olu vavanyo lwenzeka kwiindawo ezilawulwayo. Ivumela umahluko kwiiparameter zokuvavanya ezifana nobunzima bebhola okanye ukuphakama kwempembelelo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zoshishino. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yi-'Free Drop Test', echazwe kwi-MIL-STD-810G. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuwisa iimveliso amaxesha amaninzi ukusuka kubude obuthile, umzekelo, amaxesha angama-26 ukusuka kwi-122 cm. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ziyamelana nempembelelo enkulu ngaphandle komonakalo. Ukongeza, imigangatho ye-IEC 60068-2-31/ASTM D4169 isetyenziselwa 'uvavanyo lwempembelelo'. Le migangatho ivavanya amandla esixhobo okusinda ekuweni ngengozi. Olu vavanyo lubanzi ekuvelisweni kwezibane zentloko luqinisekisa ukuqina kwemveliso.

Ubunzima, i-Ergonomics, kunye neNtlalontle yoMsebenzisi

Izibane zentloko zihlala zisetyenziswa ixesha elide kwiimeko ezinzima. Ke ngoko, ubunzima, i-ergonomics, kunye nentuthuzelo yomsebenzisi zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kuyilo. Izibane zentloko ezenziwe kakuhle zinciphisa ukudinwa kunye nokuphazamiseka komsebenzisi.

Imigaqo yoyilo lwe-ergonomic iphucula kakhulu intuthuzelo yomsebenzisi:

• Uyilo oluKhaphukhaphu noluLungelelanisiweyoOku kunciphisa ukudinwa kwentamo nokudinwa. Abasebenzisi banokugxila kwimisebenzi ngaphandle kokungonwabi.
• Iintambo eziLungisekayo: Ezi ziqinisekisa ukuba zilungelelana kakuhle kwaye zikhuselekile kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeentloko kunye neemilo.
• Ulawulo Oluqondayo: Ezi zixhobo zenza kube lula ukuzisebenzisa, nokuba unxibe iiglavu. Zinciphisa ixesha elichithwa ekulungiseni izinto.
• Uhlengahlengiso lokuthambekaOku kuvumela ukuba ukukhanya kuhambe ngokuchanekileyo. Kuphucula ukubonakala kwaye kunciphisa isidingo sokuhamba kwentloko ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
• Izicwangciso zoBukhazikhazi obuLungisekayoEzi zibonelela ngokukhanya okufanelekileyo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo. Zithintela ukudinwa kwamehlo.
• Ubomi bebhetri obuhlala ixesha elideOku kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokutshintsha ibhetri. Kugcina intuthuzelo nokugxila okuqhubekayo.
• Ii-Angles zeBeam eziNzulu: Ezi zikhanyisa kakuhle iindawo zokusebenza. Ziphucula ukubonakala ngokubanzi kwaye zinciphisa isidingo sokutshintsha intloko rhoqo.

Ezi zinto zoyilo zisebenza kunye. Zenza isibane sentloko esivakala ngathi sisandiso sendalo somsebenzisi. Oku kuvumela ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide nangokukhululekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi yangaphandle.

IiMowudi zoKhanya, iimpawu, kunye noYilo lweSiqhagamshelo soMsebenzisi

Izibane zentloko zangaphandle zanamhlanje zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kunye neempawu eziphambili. Ezi zibonelela ngeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzisi kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo. Ujongano lomsebenzisi oluyilwe kakuhle (UI) luqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi banokufikelela kwaye balawule le misebenzi ngokulula.

Iindlela zokukhanya eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Phezulu, Phakathi, Phantsi: Ezi zibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okukhanya kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
• I-Strobe/Ifleshi: Le ndlela iluncedo xa kusenziwa imiqondiso okanye xa kusenzeka izinto ezingxamisekileyo.
• Ukukhanya Okubomvu: Oku kugcina umbono wasebusuku kwaye akubaphazamisi kangako abanye. Kufanelekile ukujonga iinkwenkwezi okanye ukuhambahamba enkampini.
• Ukukhanya Okusebenzayo: Oku kulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhanya ngokusekelwe ekukhanyeni okungqongileyo. Kuphucula ubomi bebhetri kunye nokulula komsebenzisi.
• Ukukhanya Okuhlala Kuhleli: Oku kugcina inqanaba lokukhanya lihlala lihleli nokuba ibhetri iphelelwe yintoni.
• Ukukhanya okuLawulwayo: Oku kubonelela ngokukhanya okuphuma rhoqo de ibhetri iphantse yaphela. Emva koko itshintshela kwisetingi esezantsi.
• Ukukhanya Okungalawulwayo: Ukukhanya kuncipha kancinci kancinci njengoko ibhetri iphela.

Uyilo lojongano lomsebenzisi luchaza indlela elula ngayo ukusebenzisana kwezi ndlela. Amaqhosha aqondakalayo kunye nezikhombisi zendlela ezicacileyo zibalulekile. Abasebenzisi badla ngokusebenzisa izibane zentloko ebumnyameni, ngezandla ezibandayo, okanye xa benxibe iiglavu. Ke ngoko, ulawulo kufuneka luchukumiseke kwaye luphendule. Ulandelelwano olulula nolunengqiqo lokujikeleza ngeendlela luthintela ukukhungatheka. Ezinye izibane zentloko zinemisebenzi yokutshixa. Ezi zithintela ukusebenza ngengozi kunye nokukhupha ibhetri ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Ezinye iimpawu eziphambili zinokubandakanya izikhombisi zenqanaba lebhetri, iiports zokutshaja ze-USB-C, okanye amandla ebhanki yamandla okutshaja ezinye izixhobo. Uyilo lwe-UI olucingisisiweyo luqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu ezinamandla zezibane zentloko zihlala zifikeleleka kwaye zilula ukuyisebenzisa.

Iiprotokholi zoVavanyo lokuSebenza oluBalulekileyo kwiMveliso yeZibane zeNtloko

Iimpawu zangaphandle kufuneka zisebenzise imigaqo yovavanyo lokusebenza oluqinileyo. Le migaqo iqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zazo ezibhengeziweyo kwaye ziyamelana neemeko ezinzima zokusetyenziswa ngaphandle. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo luqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso kwaye lwakha ukuthembana kwabathengi.

Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Kwamehlo Lokukhanya Okuhlala Kufana

Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwe-optical lubaluleke kakhulu kwizibane zentloko. Luqinisekisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okuhlala kusenzeka kwaye kuthembekile. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi bafumana ukukhanya abakulindeleyo kwiimeko ezinzima. Abavelisi balandela imigangatho eyahlukeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe neyelizwe kwezi mvavanyo. Ezi ziquka i-ECE R112, i-SAE J1383, kunye ne-FMVSS108. Le migangatho iyalela uvavanyo lweeparameter ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.

• Ukusasazwa kobunzulu bokukhanya kumile njengeyona parameter ibalulekileyo yobugcisa.
• Uzinzo lokukhanya luqinisekisa ukukhanya okuhlala kuhleli ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• IiKhowudi zeChromaticity kunye neColor Rendering Index zivavanya umgangatho wokukhanya kunye nokuchaneka kombala.
• I-Voltage, Amandla, kunye ne-luminous flux zilinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle kombane kunye nokukhanya okupheleleyo.

Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zenza ezi zilinganiso zichanekileyo. I-LPCE-2 High Precision Spectroradiometer Integrating Sphere System ilinganisa iiparameter ze-photometric, colorimetric, kunye nombane. Oku kuquka iVoltage, Amandla, i-luminous flux, iChromaticity Coordinates, kunye neColor Rendering Index. Ihambelana nemigangatho efana ne-CIE127-1997 kunye ne-IES LM-79-08. Esinye isixhobo esibalulekileyo yi-LSG-1950 Goniophotometer yeZibane zeMoto kunye nezeSignali. Le CIE A-α goniophotometer ilinganisa ubunzulu bokukhanya kunye nokukhanya kwezibane kushishino lwezithuthi, kuquka izibane zemoto. Isebenza ngokujikeleza isampuli ngelixa intloko ye-photometer ihlala ingashukumi.

Ukuze kufezekiswe ukuchaneka ngakumbi ekulungelelaniseni imisebe yezibane zentloko, inqanaba le-laser liba luncedo. Livelisa umgca othe tye, obonakalayo onceda ekulinganiseni ngokuchanekileyo nasekulungelelaniseni imisebe. Zombini ii-beamsetters ze-analogue nezedijithali zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuphuma kokukhanya kwezibane zentloko kunye neepateni zemitha. I-beamsetter ye-analogue, efana ne-SEG IV, ibonisa ukusasazwa kokukhanya okuqhelekileyo kwimisebe edikiweyo kunye neyeyona iphambili. Ii-beamsetters zedijithali, njenge-SEG V, zibonelela ngenkqubo yokulinganisa elawulwa ngakumbi ngemenyu yesixhobo. Zibonisa iziphumo ngokulula kwisibonisi, zibonisa iziphumo zokulinganisa ezigqibeleleyo ngemiboniso yemizobo. Ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kakhulu ukuphuma kokukhanya kwezibane zentloko kunye neepateni zemitha, i-goniometer sisixhobo esiphambili. Ukulinganisa okungachanekanga kodwa okusaluncedo, inkqubo yokufota ingasetyenziswa. Oku kufuna ikhamera ye-DSLR, umphezulu omhlophe (apho umthombo wokukhanya ukhanyisa khona), kunye ne-photometer yokuthatha ukufundwa kokukhanya.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwexesha lokusebenza kwebhetri kunye nommiselo wamandla

Ukuqinisekisa ixesha lokusebenza kwebhetri kunye nolawulo lwamandla kubalulekile. Kuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko zikhanyisa ngokuthembekileyo ngexesha lazo elichaziweyo. Abasebenzisi baxhomekeke kulwazi oluchanekileyo lwexesha lokusebenza xa becwangcisa imisebenzi yangaphandle. Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela ixesha lokusebenza kwebhetri yesibane sentloko.

• Imo yokukhanya esetyenzisiweyo (ubuninzi, umyinge, okanye umzuzu) ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubude bexesha.
• Ubungakanani bebhetri buchaphazela amandla ewonke.
• Ubushushu obuphakathi bunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwebhetri.
• Umoya okanye isantya somoya sichaphazela indlela esipholiswa ngayo isibane, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ubomi bebhetri.

Umgangatho we-ANSI/NEMA FL-1 uchaza ixesha lokusebenza njengexesha de ukukhanya kuphume liye kwi-10% yexabiso laso lokuqala lemizuzwana engama-30. Nangona kunjalo, lo mgangatho awubonisi indlela ukukhanya okusebenza ngayo phakathi kwala manqaku mabini. Abavelisi banokucwangcisa izibane zentloko ukuba zibe ne-lumen ephezulu yokuqala ephuma ngokukhawuleza ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixesha lokusebenza lide libhengezwe. Oku kunokukhohlisa kwaye akuniki mbono uchanekileyo wokusebenza kokwenyani. Ke ngoko, abathengi kufuneka bajonge igrafu 'ye-lightcurve' yemveliso. Le grafu ibonisa ii-lumens ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ibonelela ngendlela ekuphela kwayo yokwenza isigqibo esinolwazi malunga nokusebenza kwesibane sentloko. Ukuba i-lightcurve ayibonelelwa, abasebenzisi kufuneka baqhagamshelane nomenzi ukuze bayicele. Oku kucaca kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko sihlangabezana nolindelo lomsebenzisi lokukhanya okuqhubekayo.

Uvavanyo Lokuqina Kwendalo Kwiimeko Ezinzima

Uvavanyo lokuqina kwendalo lubalulekile kwizibane zentloko. Luqinisekisa amandla azo okumelana neemeko ezinzima zangaphandle. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokuthembeka kwemveliso kwiindawo eziyingozi.

• Uvavanyo lobushushu: Oku kuquka ukugcinwa kobushushu obuphezulu, ukugcinwa kobushushu obuphantsi, ukujikeleza kobushushu, kunye novavanyo lokutshisa. Umzekelo, uvavanyo lokugcinwa kobushushu obuphezulu lunokubandakanya ukubeka isibane sentloko kwindawo engama-85°C kangangeeyure ezingama-48 ukujonga ukuguquka okanye ukuwohloka kokusebenza.
• Uvavanyo lokufuma: Oku kwenza uvavanyo lokufuma nobushushu oluqhubekayo, kunye novavanyo lokufuma nobushushu olutshintshatshintshayo. Umzekelo, uvavanyo lokufuma nobushushu oluqhubekayo lubandakanya ukubeka isibane kwindawo engama-40°C enomswakama ongama-90% kangangeeyure ezingama-96 ukuvavanya ukugquma kunye nokusebenza kokukhanya.
• Uvavanyo lokungcangcazela: Izibane zentloko zifakelwe kwitafile yokungcangcazela. Zifakwa kwiifrequencies ezithile, ubukhulu, kunye nobude bexesha ukuze zilinganise ukungcangcazela kokusebenza kwesithuthi. Oku kuvavanya ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo kwaye kujongwe ukuba akukho zinto zangaphakathi ezikhululekileyo okanye ezonakeleyo. Imigangatho eqhelekileyo yovavanyo lokungcangcazela ibandakanya i-SAE J1211 (ukuqinisekiswa kokuqina kweemodyuli zombane), i-GM 3172 (ukuqina kwendalo yezinto zombane), kunye ne-ISO 16750 (iimeko zendalo kunye novavanyo lwezithuthi zendlela).

Uvavanyo lokungcangcazela oludibeneyo kunye nokulinganisa okusingqongileyo lubonelela ngolwazi malunga nokwakheka kwemveliso kunye nokuthembeka okupheleleyo. Abasebenzisi banokudibanisa ubushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokungcangcazela okungahleliwe. Basebenzisa zombini izishukumisi zoomatshini kunye neze-electrodynamic ukulinganisa ukungcangcazela kwendlela okanye impembelelo ekhawulezileyo evela kwimingxuma. Amagumbi e-AGREE, ekuqaleni enzelwe umkhosi kunye neenqwelo-moya, ngoku alungelelaniswe nemigangatho yoshishino lweemoto. Benza uvavanyo lokuthembeka kunye neziqinisekiso, olukwaziyo ubushushu ngaxeshanye, ukufuma, kunye nokungcangcazela kunye namazinga otshintsho lobushushu aphezulu ukuya kwi-30°C ngomzuzu. Imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe efana ne-ISO 16750 ichaza iimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye neendlela zovavanyo lwezixhobo zombane neze-elektroniki kwizithuthi zendlela. Oku kubandakanya iimfuno zovavanyo lokuthembeka kwezibane zeemoto phantsi kweemeko zokusingqongileyo ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokungcangcazela. Imigaqo ye-ECE R3 kunye ne-R48 ikwajongana neemfuno zokuthembeka, kubandakanya amandla oomatshini kunye nokumelana nokungcangcazela, okubalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwezibane zentloko.

Uvavanyo loxinzelelo loomatshini lokuqina komzimba

Izibane zentloko kufuneka zinyamezele iimfuno zomzimba ezibalulekileyo kwiindawo zangaphandle. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo loomatshini luvavanya ngokungqongqo amandla esibane sentloko okumelana nokuwa, ukungqubana, kunye nokungcangcazela. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ihlala isebenza kwaye ikhuselekile nokuba emva kokuphathwa gadalala okanye ukuwa ngengozi. Abavelisi bafaka izibane zentloko kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ezilinganisa uxinzelelo lwehlabathi lokwenyani. Ezi mvavanyo ziquka iimvavanyo zokuwa ukusuka kubude obuthile ukuya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, iimvavanyo zempembelelo ezinamandla ahlukeneyo, kunye novavanyo lokungcangcazela olulinganisa ukuthuthwa okanye ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kumhlaba ongalinganiyo.

Uvavanyo lweNdalo kunye nokuQina: Ukuvavanya ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinje ngokujikeleza kobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokungcangcazela koomatshini xa kufanelekile.

Le ndlela ibanzi yokuvavanya uxinzelelo loomatshini ibalulekile. Iqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo sesibane sentloko kunye nokuqina kwamalungu aso. Umzekelo, uvavanyo lokuwa lunokubandakanya ukuwisa isibane sentloko amaxesha amaninzi ukusuka kubude be-1 ukuya kwi-2 yeemitha kwikhonkrithi okanye emthini. Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuqhekeka, ukuqhekeka, okanye ukuqhekeka kwamalungu angaphakathi. Uvavanyo lokungcangcazela ludla ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukushukumisa isibane sentloko ngamaza ahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Oku kulinganisa ukuxinana okuqhubekayo okunokuba nakho ngexesha lokuhamba ixesha elide okanye ngelixa ukhwele isigcina-ntloko ngexesha lomsebenzi ofana nokukhwela ibhayisekile entabeni. Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuchongeni iindawo ezibuthathaka kuyilo okanye kwizixhobo. Zivumela abavelisi ukuba benze uphuculo oluyimfuneko ngaphambi kokuveliswa ngobuninzi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yokugqibela inokumelana nobunzima bezinto zangaphandle.

Amava omsebenzisi kunye novavanyo lwe-Ergonomics Field

Ngaphaya kweenkcukacha zobugcisa, ukusebenza kwesibane sentloko kuxhomekeke kumava omsebenzisi kunye ne-ergonomics. Uvavanyo lwasentsimini lubalulekile ekuvavanyeni ukuba isibane sentloko sikhululekile, siyaqondakala, kwaye sisebenza kangakanani ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwangempela. Olu hlobo lovavanyo ludlula iimeko zelebhu. Lubeka izibane zentloko ezandleni zabasebenzisi bokwenyani kwiindawo ezifana nalapho imveliso iza kusetyenziswa khona ekugqibeleni. Oku kubonelela ngempendulo exabisekileyo malunga noyilo, intuthuzelo, kunye nokusebenza.

Iindlela ezisebenzayo zokwenza uvavanyo lwasentsimini ziquka:

• Imigaqo yoyilo egxile ebantwiniLe ndlela ibandakanya abasebenzisi bokugqibela kwinkqubo yoyilo. Iqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko siyahlangabezana neemfuno zabo ezithile kunye nezinto abazikhethayo.
• Uvavanyo lweendlela ezixutyiweyo: Oku kudibanisa zombini iindlela zokuqokelela idatha esemgangathweni neyobuninzi. Kufumana ukuqonda okubanzi ngamava omsebenzisi kunye ne-ergonomics.
• Ingqokelela yempendulo ephindaphindayo: Oku kuqokelela rhoqo impendulo kuyo yonke imigangatho yophuhliso novavanyo. Kuphucula uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwesibane sentloko.
• Uvavanyo lwemeko-bume yomsebenzi yokwenyani: Oku kuvavanya izibane zentloko ngqo kwiindawo eziza kusetyenziswa kuzo. Kuvavanya ukusebenza okusebenzayo.
• Uvavanyo lokuthelekisa ubuso ngobuso: Oku kuthelekisa ngokuthe ngqo iimodeli ezahlukeneyo zezibane zentloko kusetyenziswa imisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Kuvavanya umahluko ekusebenzeni.
• Ingxelo echanekileyo neyobungakanani: Oku kuqokelela izimvo zomsebenzisi ezineenkcukacha ngemiba efana nomgangatho wokukhanya, intuthuzelo yokufakelwa, kunye nobomi bebhetri, kunye nedatha enokulinganiswa.
• Ingxelo evulelekileyo yomgangatho: Oku kukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuba banike izimvo ezineenkcukacha, ezingacwangciswanga. Kubamba ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngamava abo.
• Ukubandakanyeka koogqirha kwingqokelela yedatha: Oku kusebenzisa iingcali zonyango kunye nabaqeqeshwayo kudliwanondlebe kunye nokuqokelela idatha. Kudibanisa izikhewu zonxibelelwano phakathi kwezifundo zonyango kunye nezobunjineli. Kukwaqinisekisa ukutolikwa ngokuchanekileyo kwengxelo.

Abavavanyi bavavanya izinto ezinje ngokuthuthuzeleka kwentambo, ukulula kokusebenza kwamaqhosha (ingakumbi ngeeglavu), ukusasazwa kobunzima, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, isibane sentloko sisenokusebenza kakuhle kwilebhu, kodwa kwindawo ebandayo nemanzi, amaqhosha aso anokuba nzima ukuwacinezela, okanye intambo yaso inokubangela ukungonwabi. Uvavanyo lwasentsimini lubamba la maqondo acacileyo. Ibonelela ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo yokuphucula uyilo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko asipheleli nje ekubeni sisebenza kakuhle kwezobuchwepheshe kodwa sikhululekile ngokwenene kwaye sisebenziseka lula kubaphulaphuli esibajongileyo.

Uvavanyo loKhuseleko loMbane kunye noVavanyo lokuThobela ukuLawulwa koMthetho

Uvavanyo lokhuseleko lombane kunye nokuthobela imithetho yimiba engenakuphikiswana ngayo xa kusenziwa izibane zentloko. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ayibangeli zingozi zombane kubasebenzisi kwaye ihlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zomthetho ezifunekayo zokuthengiswa kwiimarike ekujoliswe kuzo. Ukuthobela imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe neyengingqi kubaluleke kakhulu ekufikeleleni kwimarike kunye nokuthenjwa kwabathengi.

Uvavanyo oluphambili lokhuseleko lombane luquka:

• Uvavanyo lwamandla eDielectric (Uvavanyo lweHi-Pot)Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu kwi-insulation yombane yesibane sentloko. Lujonga ukuba akukho monakalo okanye ukuvuza kwamanzi.
• Uvavanyo lokuQhubeka koMhlabaOku kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka konxibelelwano lomhlaba olukhuselayo. Kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko xa kukho ingxaki yombane.
• Uvavanyo lwangoku lokuvuzaOku kulinganisa nawuphi na umsinga ongafunekiyo ophuma kwimveliso uye kumsebenzisi okanye emhlabeni. Kuqinisekisa ukuba uhlala ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo.
• Uvavanyo loKhuseleko olugqithisileyoOku kuqinisekisa ukuba umbane we-headlamp unokumelana nombane ogqithisileyo ngaphandle kokugqithisa kakhulu okanye ukwenza umonakalo.
• Uvavanyo lweSekethe yoKhuseleko lweBhetri: Ngokubaizibane zentloko ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, oku kuqinisekisa inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri. Kuthintela ukutshaja kakhulu, ukukhupha kakhulu, kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane.

Ngaphandle kokhuseleko, izibane zentloko kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yolawulo. Ezi zihlala ziquka uphawu lwe-CE lwe-European Union, isiqinisekiso se-FCC se-United States, kunye nemiyalelo ye-RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances). Le mithetho igubungela imiba efana nokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC), umxholo wezinto ezinobungozi, kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso ngokubanzi. Abavelisi benza olu vavanyo kwiilabhoratri eziqinisekisiweyo. Bafumana iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo ngaphambi kokuba iimveliso zingene kwimarike. Le nkqubo yokuvavanya ngokungqongqo kwimveliso yezibane zentloko ikhusela abathengi. Ikwakhusela udumo lophawu kwaye iqinisekisa ukungena ngokusemthethweni kwimarike.

Ukudibanisa iinkcukacha kunye novavanyo kwiNkqubo yokuVelisa iZibane zeNtloko

Ukudibanisa iinkcukacha zobugcisa kunye novavanyo lokusebenza kulo lonkeukuvelisa izibane zentlokoInkqubo iqinisekisa ukugqwesa kwemveliso. Le ndlela icwangcisiweyo iqinisekisa umgangatho ukusuka kuyilo lokuqala ukuya ekuhlanganisweni kokugqibela. Yakha isiseko sezixhobo zangaphandle ezithembekileyo nezisebenza kakuhle.

Uyilo kunye nomzekelo weeNgcinga zokuqala

Inkqubo yokuvelisa iqala ngoyilo kunye neprototyping. Eli nqanaba liguqula iingcamango zokuqala zibe ziimodeli eziphathekayo. Abayili badla ngokuqala ngemizobo edwetshwe ngesandla, baze bayiphucule besebenzisa isoftware ye-CAD yodidi lweshishini efana ne-Autodesk Inventor kunye ne-CATIA. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iprototype ibandakanya yonke imisebenzi yokugqibela yemveliso, kungekuphela nje ubuhle.

Isigaba somzekelo sidla ngokulandela amanyathelo aliqela:

1. Inqanaba loBuchule kunye noBunjineli: Oku kuquka ukudala imbonakalo okanye iimodeli ezisebenzayo zeendawo ezifana nemibhobho yokukhanya okanye iikomityi zokubonakalisa. Umatshini wokwenziwa kweprototype yezibane zentloko ze-CNC unika ukuchaneka okuphezulu, impendulo ekhawulezayo, kunye nemijikelo yemveliso emifutshane (iiveki ezi-1-2). Kwizakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo, iinjineli zeenkqubo ze-CNC ezinamava zihlalutya ukuba kunokwenzeka kwaye zibonelele ngezisombululo zokucutshungulwa kwezixhobo.
2. Ukucutshungulwa emvaEmva komatshini wokulungisa izinto, imisebenzi efana nokususa iimbumbulu, ukupolisha, ukubopha, kunye nokupeyinta ibaluleke kakhulu. La manyathelo achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukubonakala kokugqibela komzekelo.
3. Inqanaba lovavanyo lomthamo ophantsi: Ukubumba i-silicone kusetyenziselwa imveliso ephantsi ngenxa yokusebenzisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo kokuphindaphinda. Kwizinto ezifuna ukupolisha isipili, njengeelensi kunye ne-bezels, i-CNC machining idala iprototype ye-PMMA, ethi emva koko yenze i-silicone mold.

Amanyathelo okufumana izinto kunye nokulawula umgangatho

Ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho kubalulekile ekwenzeni izibane zentloko. Abavelisi bathatha amanyathelo angqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu. Oku kuquka ukuvavanya ukukhanya, ixesha lokuphila, ukumelana namanzi, kunye nokumelana nobushushu. Abathengisi banikezela ngamaxwebhu njengobungqina bokuthobela imithetho. Ukupakisha kunye nokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo kuthintela umonakalo ngexesha lokuthunyelwa.

Abavelisi bakwacela iingxelo zovavanyo kunye neziqinisekiso ezifana nemigangatho ye-DOT, i-ECE, i-SAE, okanye i-ISO. Ezi zibonelela ngesiqinisekiso somgangatho wemveliso esivela kumntu wesithathu. Iindawo zokujonga eziphambili zolawulo lomgangatho ziquka:

• Ulawulo Lomgangatho Olungenayo (IQC)Oku kuquka ukuhlola izinto ezikrwada kunye neenxalenye emva kokuba zifunyenwe.
• Ulawulo loMgangatho oluPhakathi kwiNkqubo (IPQC): Oku kujonga imveliso rhoqo ngexesha lokuhlanganiswa.
• Ulawulo Lokugqibela Lomgangatho (FQC): Oku kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lweemveliso ezigqityiweyo, kubandakanya ukuhlolwa ngokubonakalayo kunye novavanyo lokusebenza.

Uvavanyo lokuHlanganisa kunye nokuSebenza okusemgceni

Ukudibanisa kudibanisa zonke izinto ezifunyenwe ngononophelo nolawulo lomgangatho. Ukuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu ngeli nqanaba, ingakumbi kwiinkqubo zokuvala kunye noqhagamshelo lwe-elektroniki. Emva kokudibanisa, uvavanyo olusebenzayo olukwi-intanethi luqinisekisa ngoko nangoko ukusebenza kwesibane sentloko. Olu vavanyo lujonga ukukhanya okufanelekileyo, ukusebenza kwendlela, kunye nokuthembeka kombane okusisiseko. Ukubamba imiba kwangethuba kumgca wokudibanisa kuthintela iimveliso ezineziphene ukuba zingahambi ngakumbi kwinkqubo yemveliso. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko ngasinye siyahlangabezana neenkcukacha zoyilo lwaso ngaphambi kokuhlolwa komgangatho wokugqibela.

Uvavanyo lweBatch emva kweMveliso yoQinisekiso lokugqibela

Emva kokuhlanganiswa, abavelisi benza uvavanyo lwebhetshi emva kokuveliswa. Eli nyathelo libalulekileyo libonelela ngokuqinisekiswa kokugqibela komgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwesibane sentloko. Liqinisekisa ukuba yonke imveliso iyahlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kubathengi. Olu vavanyo lupheleleyo lugubungela iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwesibane sentloko.

Iiprotokholi zovavanyo ziquka iindawo ezibalulekileyo ezininzi:

• Uvavanyo loBukho kunye noBulunga:Iingcali zijonga umthombo wokukhanya ochanekileyo, njenge-LED. Ziqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okufanelekileyo kweemodyuli kunye nazo zonke izinto zezibane zentloko. Abahloli bakwahlola ubukho bepeyinti yangaphandle (eqinileyo) kunye nepeyinti yangaphakathi (echasene nenkungu) kwiglasi yesiciko sezibane zentloko. Balinganisa iiparameter zombane zezibane zentloko.
• Uvavanyo loNxibelelwano:Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa unxibelelwano neenkqubo zangaphandle ze-PLC. Ziqinisekisa unxibelelwano nee-peripherals zangaphandle zokufaka/zokukhupha, imithombo yangoku, kunye neemoto. Abavavanyi bajonga unxibelelwano ngee-headlights ngeebhasi ze-CAN kunye ne-LIN. Zikwaqinisekisa unxibelelwano ngeemodyuli zokulinganisa iimoto (HSX, Vector, DAP).
• Uvavanyo lwe-Optical kunye neKhamera:Olu vavanyo lujonga imisebenzi ye-AFS, njengezibane ezijikelezayo. Ziqinisekisa imisebenzi yoomatshini ye-LWR (ukulungiswa kokuphakama kwesibane sentloko). Abavavanyi benza i-xenon lamp ignition (uvavanyo lokutshisa). Bavavanya ukulingana kunye nombala kwii-XY coordinates. Bafumanisa ii-LED ezineziphene, bekhangela utshintsho lombala kunye nokukhanya. Abavavanyi bajonga umsebenzi wokuswayipha wemiqondiso yokujika ngekhamera ekhawulezayo. Baqinisekisa nomsebenzi we-matrix, onciphisa ukukhanya.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Optical-Mechanical:Ezi mvavanyo zilungisa kwaye zijonga indawo yokukhanyisa kwezibane eziphambili. Zilungisa kwaye zijonga ukukhanya kwemisebenzi nganye yezibane zentloko. Abavavanyi balungisa kwaye bajonga umbala we-interface yeprojektha yentloko. Baqinisekisa ukuba izihlanganisi zentambo zezibane zentloko zixhunyiwe ngokufanelekileyo kusetyenziswa iikhamera. Bajonga ukucoceka kweelensi besebenzisa i-AI kunye neendlela zokufunda ngokunzulu. Ekugqibeleni, balungisa i-primary optics.

Lonke uhlolo lwe-optical kufuneka luhambelane ngokupheleleyo nemigangatho efanelekileyo yamazwe ngamazwe, njengaleyo ivela kwi-European Union. IIHS ivavanya ukusebenza kwe-headlamp kwiimoto ezintsha. Oku kuquka ukubona umgama, ukukhanya, kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo ze-auto beam switching kunye ne-curve adaptive lamp. Zivavanya ngokukodwa indlela i-headlamps ezivela ngayo kumzi-mveliso. Azivavanyi emva kokulungiswa kwe-aspect efanelekileyo. Uninzi lwabathengi alujongwanga i-aspect. I-headlamps kufuneka ijongwe ngokufanelekileyo kumzi-mveliso. I-headlamp aspect ijongwa kwaye ilungelelaniswe ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokuvelisa. Oku kudla ngokusebenzisa umatshini we-optical ambing njengenye yezikhululo zokugqibela kumgca wokudibanisa. I-ambition angle ethile ihlala ixhomekeke kumenzi. Akukho mfuneko karhulumente ye-ambition angle ethile xa izibane zifakwe kwisithuthi.

Iinkcukacha zobugcisa ezingqongqo kunye novavanyo olupheleleyo lokusebenza zibalulekile kwiimpawu zangaphandle ekuvelisweni kwezibane zentloko. Ezi nkqubo zakha ukuthembana kwabathengi kwaye ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso. Iinkcukacha ezingqongqo ziqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, zithintela ukukhanya kwaye ziphucula ukubonakala kwabasebenzisi. Zikwakhokelela ekuqineni okuphuculweyo, kunye nezixhobo ezenzelwe ukumelana neemeko ezinzima ezifana nemitha ye-UV kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo.

Uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lweesampulu zezibane zentloko, kubandakanya nokuvavanya umgangatho wolwakhiwo, ukusebenza (ukukhanya, ubomi bebhetri, ipateni yemitha), kunye nokumelana nemozulu, kubalulekile. Oku kuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuthembeka, okusisiseko sokwakha ukuthembana kwabathengi.

Le mizamo ichaza udumo lophawu lomkhiqizo ngomgangatho nokuthembeka kwimarike yangaphandle enokhuphiswano. Ukubonelela ngezibane zentloko ezisebenza kakuhle kunika inzuzo enkulu yokhuphiswano.

FAQ

Zithetha ukuthini iireyithingi ze-IP kwizibane zentloko?

Iireyithingi ze-IP zibonisaisibane sentlokoukuxhathisa kwamanzi nothuli. Inombolo yokuqala ibonisa ukhuseleko lothuli, kwaye inombolo yesibini ibonisa ukhuseleko lwamanzi. Amanani aphezulu athetha ukhuseleko olungcono kwizinto ezisingqongileyo.

I-ANSI FL1 Standard ibanceda njani abathengi?

I-ANSI FL1 Standard inika iilebheli ezihambelanayo nezicacileyo zokusebenza kwezibane zentloko. Ichaza imilinganiselo efana nokukhupha kwe-lumen kunye nomgama wemitha. Oku kuvumela abathengi ukuba bathelekise iimveliso ngokuchanekileyo baze benze izigqibo zokuthenga ezinolwazi.

Kutheni uvavanyo lokuqina kwendalo lubalulekile kwizibane zentloko?

Uvavanyo lokuqina kwendalo luqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyamelana neemeko ezinzima zangaphandle. Lubandakanya uvavanyo lobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokungcangcazela. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokuthembeka kwemveliso kwiindawo ezixineneyo.

Yintoni ukubaluleka kovavanyo lwamava omsebenzisi kwintsimi?

Uvavanyo lwamava omsebenzisi luvavanya ukusebenza kwesibane sentloko. Luvavanya intuthuzelo, ukukwazi ukuva, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwangempela. Olu luvo lunceda ekuphuculeni uyilo kwaye luqinisekise ukuba isibane sentloko siluncedo kubaphulaphuli esijoliswe kubo.