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Iirobhothi zeoyile zineemeko ezinzima ezifuna izixhobo zokukhanyisa ezikhethekileyo. Izibane zentloko zoshishino eziqinisekisiweyo ezisetyenziswa ngabasebenzi beerobhothi zeoyile kufuneka zimelane neekhemikhali, zimelane nokutsha, kwaye zibe nezinto ezihlala ixesha elide. Ezi ziqinisekiso, ezifana ne-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx, zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zokukhanyisa ze-OSHA kwaye zikhusela abasebenzi kwiingozi. Izibane zentloko ezifanelekileyo zikhanyisa iindawo zomsebenzi ezibalulekileyo, zixhasa ukhuseleko, kwaye zihlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zeendawo ezahlukeneyo zeerobhothi.
| Uphawu | Ukubaluleka |
|---|---|
| Ukuchasana neekhemikhali | Izibane zentloko kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana namafutha, iioyile, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezifumaneka kwiirigi zeoyile. |
| Uyilo Olungenakothuka | Kubalulekile ukuze kubekho ukhuseleko, njengoko izibane zentloko zinokuwiswa okanye zibetheke kwindawo erhabaxa. |
| Izixhobo Ezihlala Ixesha Elide | Ukusetyenziswa kwe-polymer kunye nerabha eqinileyo ukufunxa ukutshayiswa kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. |
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo zibalulekileukhuseleko lwezixhobo zeoyile. Zithintela ukutsha kwiindawo ezinokuqhuma, zikhusela abasebenzi kwiingozi.
- Soloko ujonga iimpawu zesatifikethi se-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx kwizibane zentloko. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
- Khetha izibane zentloko ngokusekelwe kwiulwahlulo oluthile lweendawo ezinobungozi. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zifuna iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho.
- Hlola rhoqo kwaye utshintshe izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo. Le ndlela igcina imigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye inceda ekuphepheni iindleko zokuhlawula ngenxa yokungathobeli imithetho.
- Khetha izibane zentloko eziqinileyo ezenziwe ngezinto ezinganyangekiyo. Zimele zinyamezele iimeko ezinzima, kuquka ukuchatshazelwa ziikhemikhali kunye nokukhwankqiswa ngokomzimba.
Iziqinisekiso ze-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx ze-Industrial Headlamps Oil Rig
Isiqinisekiso se-ATEX sichaziwe
Isatifikethi se-ATEX simisela umgangatho wezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo eziqhumayo ngaphakathi kwiManyano yaseYurophu. Imiyalelo ye-ATEX, eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njenge-Directive 2014/34/EU, ifuna abavelisi ukuba bayile iimveliso ezithintela ukutsha kwiindawo ezinobungozi.Izibane zentloko zoshishinoAbasebenzi bezixhobo zeoyile abasebenzisa kufuneka bahlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko lombane, amandla oomatshini, kunye nokuxhathisa izinto ezingqongileyo. Uphawu lwe-ATEX kwisibane sentloko lubonisa ukuthotyelwa kwezi mfuno. Abavelisi bavavanya imveliso nganye ukuba iqinile kwaye ithembekile ngaphambi kokuba banike isiqinisekiso.
Ingcebiso:Soloko ujonga uphawu lwe-ATEX kunye nekhowudi yohlulo kwileyibhile yemveliso. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko siyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko efunekayo kwiindawo eziqhumayo.
Isiqinisekiso se-IECEx sichaziwe
Isatifikethi se-IECEx sibonelela ngesakhelo sehlabathi sokhuseleko lwezixhobo kwiindawo eziqhumayo. IKhomishini ye-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) iphuhlise le nkqubo ukuze ihambelane nemigangatho kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Isatifikethi se-IECEx siqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi bee-headlamps zemizi-mveliso abasebenzisa izixhobo zeoyile baphumelele uvavanyo oluqatha lokhuseleko lombane nolwemishini. Le nkqubo ibandakanya uvavanyo oluzimeleyo kunye nokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kweendlela zokwenza. Izibane ze-headlamps eziqinisekisiweyo yi-IECEx zibonisa inombolo yesatifikethi eyahlukileyo kunye nekhowudi yokhuseleko, okwenza kube lula kubaphathi bokhuseleko ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho.
| Iinzuzo zeSatifikethi se-IECEx | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukwamkelwa kweHlabathi | Iqatshelwa kumazwe amaninzi angaphandle kwe-EU. |
| Inkqubo Ecacileyo | Iinkcukacha zesatifikethi ziyafumaneka kwi-intanethi. |
| Ukubeka iliso rhoqo | Uhlolo-zincwadi oluqhubekayo luqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho okuqhubekayo. |
Ukubaluleka kweSatifikethi soKhuseleko lweeRig zeOyile
Isiqinisekiso sidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni abasebenzi bee-oyile kwimingcipheko yomlilo kunye nokuqhuma. Iindawo zee-oyile zezibane zemizi-mveliso zineengozi ezikhethekileyo, kubandakanya iigesi ezivuthayo kunye nothuli. Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo zinciphisa amathuba okutsha ngengozi ngokusebenzisa izindlu ezivaliweyo kunye nezinto ezimelana nentlantsi. Abaphathi bokhuseleko baxhomekeke kwiimpawu ze-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwindawo nganye enobungozi. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kwezibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo kugcina imigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye kuxhasa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho.
Phawula:Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo azikhuseli abasebenzi kuphela kodwa zikwanceda iinkampani ukuba zingahlawuliswa imali eninzi kunye nokuvalwa ngenxa yokungathobeli imithetho.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx kwi-Industrial Headlamps Oil Rig
Ububanzi beJografi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo
Iziqinisekiso ze-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx zisebenzela imimandla eyahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zomthetho. Isiqinisekiso se-ATEX sisebenza kwi-European Union. Siyimfuneko kwizixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo eziqhumayo, kuquka iirigi zeoyile ezisebenza emanzini e-EU. Kwelinye icala, isiqinisekiso se-IECEx sisebenza njengenkqubo yamazwe ngamazwe yokuzithandela. Amazwe amaninzi angaphandle kwe-EU ayayamkela i-IECEx, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwimisebenzi yehlabathi. Abaqhubi beerigi zeoyile badla ngokukhetha isiqinisekiso ngokusekelwe kwindawo yeerigi zabo kunye neemfuno zomthetho zaloo mmandla.
Abaqhubi abasebenza kumazwe amaninzi banokukhetha ukuba iindawo zezibane zeoyile zoshishino eziqinisekisiweyo yi-IECEx zifuna, njengoko esi siqinisekiso senza kube lula ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kuyo yonke imida.
Uthelekiso lweNkqubo yeSatifikethi
Inkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwe-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx yahlukile kwiindawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:
- Isiqinisekiso se-ATEX: Inyanzeliswa zii-Ex Notified Bodies (ii-ExNB) ngaphakathi kwi-EU. Ezi mibutho zibonelela ngeziqinisekiso zovavanyo lohlobo lwe-EU kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo engqongqo yengingqi.
- Isiqinisekiso se-IECEx: Ijongwa yiKomiti yoLawulo ye-IECEx. Le nkqubo isebenzisa isiseko sedatha esiphakathi kunye nenkqubo efanayo, kodwa ayinalo igunya elinye lokunyanzelisa. Le nkqubo ikhuthaza ukungafihlisi kunye nokwamkelwa kwihlabathi liphela.
| Isiqinisekiso | Igunya loLawulo | Ukunyanzeliswa | Ububanzi |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-ATEX | Amaqumrhu Angaziwayo Ngaphandle Kweengxelo (i-EU) | Kunyanzelekile kwi-EU | Ingingqi (i-EU) |
| IECEx | IKomiti yoLawulo lwe-IECEx | Ngokuzithandela, kwiHlabathi liphela | Yamazwe Ngamazwe |
Ukukhetha Isiqinisekiso Esifanelekileyo Se-Oil Rig Yakho
Ukukhetha isatifikethi esifanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
- Iimpawu zokhuseleko ezifunekayo kwimozulu eqhumayo
- Imigangatho yomgangathoyeemveliso eziqinisekisiweyo, ezinokuchaphazela ukuthembeka
- Ukusetyenziswa okucetywayo kunye neendawo ezithile apho izibane zentloko ziza kusetyenziswa khona
- Ukubaluleka kwendawo, njengoko i-ATEX ibophelela ngokusemthethweni kwi-EU, ngelixa i-IECEx inika ukuqatshelwa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi liphela
Abaqhubi bee-oyile kufuneka bahlole iindawo zabo zokusebenza kunye neemfuno zokuthobela imithetho. Kufuneka baqwalasele neemfuno zokhuseleko zamaqela abo. Ukukhetha isiqinisekiso esifanelekileyo seizibane zentloko zoshishinoIindawo zeoyile zinceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa komthetho kunye nokukhuselwa kwabasebenzi.
Iindawo Ezinobungozi kunye neMigangatho yoKhuseleko kwiRig yeoyile yeZibane zeZindlu zoShishino
Uhlu lweNdawo eziyingozi kwiiRigi zeOyile
Imigangatho yokhuseleko yamazwe ngamazwe yahlulahlula iindawo zezixhobo zeoyile zibe ziindawo ezinobungozi ngokusekelwe ekubeni kukho iigesi eziqhumayo. Indawo nganye ineemfuno ezithile zokhuseleko lwezixhobo. Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza ulwahlulo oluphambili kunye nefuthe lazo kwizixhobo zokukhanyisa:
| Indawo | Inkcazo | Imizekelo kwi-FPSO | Imfuneko yezixhobo |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | Ubukho obuqhubekayo begesi | Iitanki zemithwalo ezingaphakathi, iitanki ezityibilikayo, iimasti zomoya ezingaphakathi | Kufuneka ikhuseleke ngokwemvelo (Ex ia) |
| 1 | Ukubakho rhoqo kwegesi | Amagumbi okumpompa, iinkqubo ze-turret kunye ne-mooring, ii-vents zetanki zemithwalo | Ayinakuqhuma (Ex d) okanye ikhuselekile ngokwangaphakathi (Ex ib) |
| 2 | Ukubakho kwegesi ngamaxesha athile | Iindawo ezikufutshane neZone 1, ezijikeleze iindawo zenkqubo | Ukungatshisi (Ex nA, Ex nC, okanye Ex ic) okanye okufakwe ngaphakathi (Ex m) |
Olu hlulo lunceda abaphathi bokhuseleko ukuba bachonge apho umngcipheko wokutsha uphezulu khona kwaye bakhokele ekukhetheni izisombululo zokukhanyisa ezihambelanayo.
Iimfuneko zeSatifikethi ngokweNdawo
Ukwahlulwahlulwa kweendawo ezinobungozi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni iimfuno zesatifikethi ezisetyenziswa ngabasebenzi bezixhobo zeoyile zezibane zemizi-mveliso. Izixhobo zokukhanyisa kwezi ndawo mazithintele naluphi na uhlaselo lwangaphakathi okanye ilangatye ekuvutheni umoya ongqongileyo. Iimfuneko zahlukile ngokweendawo:
- Indawo 0 ifuna izibane zentloko ezikhuselekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni, njengoko iigesi eziqhumayo zihlala zikhona.
- Indawo 1 ifuna izixhobo ezikhuselekileyo okanye ezikhuselekileyo ngokwemvelo, ezifanelekileyo kwiindawo ezihlala zikho igesi.
- Indawo yesi-2 ivumela izibane zentloko ezingatshisi okanye ezigqunyiweyo, njengoko umngcipheko uphantsi kodwa usekhona.
Uhlu olufanelekileyo luqinisekisa ukuba izibane zentloko ziyahlangabezanaimigangatho yokhuseleko efunekayokwaye bakhusele abasebenzi kwiingozi zomlilo okanye zokuqhuma.
Impembelelo ekukhetheni izibane zentloko
Ukwahlulwahlulwa kweendawo ezinobungozi kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukukhethwaizibane zentloko zoshishinoIindawo zokubeka ioyile zifuna. Abaphathi bokhuseleko kufuneka bahambelane nesiqinisekiso sezibane zentloko kunye nenqanaba lomngcipheko wendawo. Umzekelo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe izibane zentloko ezikhuselekileyo kuphela kwiZone 0, ngelixa iimodeli ezikhusela ukuqhuma zinokwanela kwiZone 1. Izibane zentloko ezingatshisi okanye ezigqunyiweyo zinokuqwalaselwa kwiZone 2. Le nkqubo yokukhetha ngononophelo inceda ukugcina ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kwaye iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kuyo yonke indawo yendawo.
Icebiso: Soloko uqinisekisa uphawu lwesatifikethi kwisibane sentloko ngaphambi kokuba ulusebenzise kwindawo enobungozi. Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kunciphisa umngcipheko kwaye kuxhasa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho.
Ukukhetha iRig yeoyile yeZibane zeZindlu zoShishino eziQinisekisiweyo
Ukuqonda Iimpawu zeSatifikethi
Iimpawu zesatifikethi kwizibane zentloko zemizi-mveliso ezisetyenziswa ngabasebenzi bezixhobo zeoyile zibonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nokhuseleko kunye nokufaneleka. Uphawu ngalunye lubonisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ethile. Umzekelo, isatifikethi se-ATEX siqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zokhuseleko zaseYurophu kwiindawo eziqhumayo. Isatifikethi se-UL sisebenza kwiimarike zaseMntla Melika kwaye sihlela izixhobo ngokweendidi ngokusekwe kubukho beegesi ezivuthayo, umphunga, okanye uthuli. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ishwankathela iimpawu zesatifikethi eziqhelekileyo:
| Isiqinisekiso | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| I-ATEX | Ukuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko yaseYurophu kwimozulu eqhumayo. |
| UL | Ifanelekile eMntla Melika; ibeka izixhobo kwiindawo ezinobungozi ngokweendidi. |
Abavelisi bakwaquka neempawu zokulinganisa ubushushu, ukhuseleko lokungena, iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokhuseleko lombane. Ezi nkcukacha zinceda abaphathi bokhuseleko ukuba bakhethe izibane zentloko ezithintela ukutsha kunye nokumelana neemeko ezinzima zezixhobo zeoyile.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeZibane zeNtloko eziQinisekisiweyo
Iindawo eziqinisekisiweyo zokusebenzisa izibane ze-oyile kwimizi-mveliso zifuna iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zibane ze-oyile zisebenzisa ulwakhiwo oluvaliweyo, oluhlala lune-IP66 nangaphezulu, ukuvimba uthuli namanzi. Ziquka amandla aphantsi ombane kunye nobushushu ukunciphisa iingozi zokutshisa. Izixhobo ezingatshisi kunye neendlela zokhuseleko eziqinileyo zonyusa ukhuseleko. Itheyibhile engezantsi ithelekisa iimodeli eziqinisekisiweyo kunye nezingengqinisiswanga:
| Uphawu | Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo ze-ATEX/IECEx | Iimodeli Ezingaqinisekiswanga |
|---|---|---|
| Iziqinisekiso | I-ATEX, i-IECEx, i-UL | Akukho nanye |
| Uvavanyo lobushushu | Yenzelwe ukuthintela ukutsha | Akukho zilinganiso zithile |
| Ulwakhiwo Olutywiniweyo | IP66 okanye ngaphezulu | Iyahluka, ayivalwa rhoqo |
| Iindlela zoKhuseleko | Umbane/ubushushu obuphantsi | Umngcipheko ophezulu wokutshisa |
| Ukufaneleka kwesicelo | Ioyile kunye negesi, ukumbiwa kwemigodi, njl. | Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuphela |
Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo zikwanazo nezitshintshi zolawulo ezizimeleyo zokukhetha ukukhanya okubini, imizimba enganyangekiyo ngamakhemikhali, kunye nee-grips ezikhuselekileyo. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
Iingcebiso Ezisebenzayo Zokukhetha Iindawo Ezinezixhobo Zeoyile
Ukukhetha isibane sentloko esifanelekileyo kubandakanya izinto ezininzi ezisebenzisekayo. Abaphathi bokhuseleko kufuneka bakhethe iimodeli ezineentambo ze-elastic ezihlengahlengiswayo kunye nokulinganiswa kwamanzi, njenge-IP67. Ukukhanya kufuneka kufikelele ubuncinane kwi-lumens ezili-100 kunye nomgama wemitha ezili-105. Izibane zentloko kufuneka zimelane nothuli, uthuli, ioyile, namanzi. Khangela iziqinisekiso ezifana neKlasi I, iCandelo 1 kunye ne-ATEX Zone 0 ukuze ufumane ukhuseleko oluphezulu. Uyilo olungenakuqhuma lunceda ukugcina imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo kunye nokuphepha izohlwayo ezisemthethweni.
Icebiso: Soloko ukhetha izibane ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yokuthobela imithetho kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo zixhasa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwaye zikhusela abasebenzi kwiingozi zokutsha.
Izibane zentloko zoshishino eziqinisekisiweyo yi-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kukhuseleko lwezixhobo zeoyile. Ezi zibane zentloko zibonelela ngokukhanya okumelana nokuqhuma, ulwakhiwo oluhlala ixesha elide, kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo. Abaqhubi kufuneka bakhethe izibane zentloko ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zendawo enobungozi kunye neempawu zesatifikethi.
| Inzuzo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Izibane Ezingangeni Kuqhushumbo | Ithintela ukutsha kwiindawo ezineegesi ezivuthayo okanye uthuli. |
| Ulwakhiwo Oluhlala Luhleli | Iyamelana neemeko ezinzima zaselunxwemeni isebenzisa izinto ezimelana nokugqwala. |
| Ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho | Ihlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi, ixhasa imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo kwaye inciphisa iindleko zeinshorensi. |
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunceda ukugcina ukhuseleko kunye nokukhusela abasebenzi kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
FAQ
Ithetha ukuthini isiqinisekiso se-ATEX kwizibane zentloko zoshishino?
Isatifikethi se-ATEX siqinisekisa ukuba isibane sentloko siyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko yaseYurophu yokusetyenziswa kwiindawo eziqhumayo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba esi sixhobo asiyi kutshisa iigesi ezivuthayo okanye uthuli kwiirobhothi zeoyile.
Abasebenzi bangazichonga njani ukuba isibane sentloko sinesiqinisekiso se-IECEx?
Abasebenzi banokujonga ilebhile yemveliso ukuze babone uphawu lwe-IECEx kunye nenombolo yesatifikethi eyahlukileyo. Abavelisi bakwabonelela ngeenkcukacha zesatifikethi kwincwadi yomsebenzisi nakwiiwebhusayithi zabo ezisemthethweni.
Kutheni izixhobo zeoyile zifuna izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo?
Izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyoukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhuma ngokuthintela iintlantsi okanye ukuqokelelana kobushushu. Iirobhothi zeoyile zinezinto ezinokutsha, ngoko ke abaphathi bokhuseleko kufuneka basebenzise kuphela izibane eziqinisekisiweyo ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo.
Ngaba isibane sentloko sinazo zombini iziqinisekiso ze-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx?
Ewe. Abanye abavelisi bayila izibane zentloko ukuze zihlangabezane nemigangatho ye-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx. Ezi mveliso zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kubasebenzi abasebenza kwimimandla emininzi okanye phantsi kweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zomthetho.
Zingaphi izihlandlo apho kufuneka kuhlolwe okanye kutshintshwe izibane zentloko eziqinisekisiweyo?
Iingcali zokhuseleko zicebisauhlolo oluqhelekileyongokusekelwe kwizikhokelo zomenzi. Abasebenzi kufuneka batshintshe izibane zentloko ngoko nangoko ukuba babonisa iimpawu zokonakala okanye abaphumeleli ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yesatifikethi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-29-2025
