Zeziphi iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo ukuze kuqhunyiswe izibane zokusebenza?

Ukuqhuma komsebenziIziqinisekiso zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukhuseleko kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Ezi kuqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokukhanyisa ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lokhuseleko, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi ezibangelwa ziipark okanye ubushushu. Amashishini anje ngeoyile kunye negesi, imigodi, kunye nemveliso yekhemikhali exhomekeke kwizibane eziqinisekisiweyo ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo. Ngokuthobela ezi ziqinisekiso, amashishini abonisa ukuzinikela kwabo kukhuseleko kunye nokuthobela ukuthotyelwa, ukukhuthaza ukuthembeka kunye nokuthembeka kwimisebenzi yabo.

Iqhosha lezitshixo

• Ukuqhushumba izibane zokusebenza zidinga izatifikethi ezifana ne-IL, i-ITX, IECEX.
• Ezi ziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba izibane zikhuselekile kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
• Sebenzisa izibane eziqinisekisiweyo zehlisa iingozi kwaye kunceda umsebenzi uqhubeke kakuhle.
• Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumashishini njengeoyile kunye negesi.
• Abathengi kufuneka bahlole izatifikethi kuluhlu lwaseburhulumenteni ukuze baqiniseke.
• Oku kuyanceda ukuphepha ukuthenga izibane ezingafezekisi imithetho yokhuseleko.
• Iileyibhile kwizibane zokubonisa ukuqhushumba zibonisa iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo.
• Bayayichaza apho izibane zinokusetyenziswa khona ngokukhuselekileyo.
• Ukuqokelelwa kwesiphumo esiqinisekisiweyo sokuqhushumba-Izibane-zisindisa amandla kwaye zixabisa kancinci ukulungisa.
• Ixesha elingaphezulu, banceda ukugcina imali kwaye bafuna ulondolozo oluncinci.

Izatifikethi eziphambili zeIsibane somsebenzi esibonisa ubungqina

I-UL (i-ABRIARISR)

Isishwankathelo se-UL yokuqinisekiswa kwezixhobo zokuFunda

Isiqinisekiso se-UL siqinisekisa ukuba izibane zomsebenzi ezinobungqina ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo. Ivavanya ukubanakho kwezixhobo zokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi apho iigesi ezinokutsha, ii-phupors, okanye uthuli lungabakho. I-UL 844, iMigangatho eyamkelweyo eyamkelweyo, ngokuthe ngqo idilesi isetyenziswa kwiindawo eziyingozi. Esi siqinisekiso sovavanyo sihlola izinto ezifana nokuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuthintela i-spark, kunye nokunyaniseka kwesakhiwo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusebenza.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-UL kuhlululwa izixhobo ezisekwe kumanqanaba okhuselo. Umzekelo, i-EPl ma ibonelela ngokhuseleko oluphezulu kwiindawo ezinemigodi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho nto kwenzeka phantsi kwemeko eqhelekileyo okanye engasebenzi kakuhle. Ngokufanayo, i-EPL GA kunye ne-EPL Da ibonelela ngokhuseleko olomeleleyo kwirhasi yokuqhuma kunye ne-Airpheraphes yothuli, ngokwahlukeneyo. Olu hlengiso lunceda amashishini khetha izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zeemfuno zemfundo zawo ezithile.

Kutheni i-Ul Kuqinisekiso kubalulekile kwiimarike zaseMntla Melika

EMntla Melika, isiqinisekiso se-UL sisikhundla sokhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa. Ingqinelana neKhowudi yeSizwe yoMbane (i-NEC), echaza uCluabary Indawo yeNdawo. Amashishini emizi-mveliso njengeoyile kunye negesi okanye ngokwemveliso yekhemikhali exhomekeke kwiimveliso ze-UL-fikelela kwi-UL-feed Iimveliso ze-UL ukuze kufezekiswe iimfuno zomthetho kwaye zikhusele abasebenzi. Ngokukhetha isibane somsebenzi oqinisekisiweyo oqinisekisiweyo, iinkampani, iinkampani zibonisa ukuzibophelela kwabo kukhuseleko kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wamatyala.

I-BITX (i-ATMOSPHères ifunge)

Yintoni i-ITTX

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-ATTX kusebenza kwizixhobo ezisetyenziselwa iindawo ezinokuqhushumba kwi-European Union. Iqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezana neemfuno ezibalulekileyo zempilo kunye nezokhuseleko ezichazwe kwimiyalelo ye-TATEx. Esi siqinisekiso sivavanya ubuchule besixhobo sokuthintela ukumiswa kwiindawo ezinamagqabantshintshi aneegesi, amafutha, okanye uthuli.

Iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ze-ITXX eziqinisekisiweyo zivavanywa ngokungqinisisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwazo nemigangatho yaseYurophu. Isatifikethi sibandakanya iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo, kubandakanya izisombululo ezikhanyayo, kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba zikhuselekile ukuba zisetyenziswe kwimimandla ethile ehlelwe ngamathuba okuqhuma.

Ukubaluleka kweTunx ye-European Union

Isatifikethi se-ABTX sisinyanzelo sokuqhushumbaizibane zomsebenziIthengiswa kwi-European Union. Inika inkqubo-sikhokelo emiselweyo yokhuseleko, evumela amashishini ukuba asebenze ngokuzithemba kwindawo eyingozi. Amashishini anjengokwenza imigodi, ukuqhubekisa kwamachiza, kunye nokwenza ixhomekeke kwimveliso eqinisekisiweyo ye-BITX ukuze afezekise iimfuno zomthetho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Esi siqinisekiso sikwaququzelela ukuthengisa kwi-EU ngokuseka umgangatho wokhuseleko oluqhelekileyo.

I-ICECEX

Ukubaluleka kweLizwe ye-Iecex

Isiqinisekiso se-IEcex sibonelela ngomgangatho owamkelweyo kwihlabathi jikelele wokuqhushumba. Kwenza lula urhwebo lwamanye amazwe ngokubonelela ngenkqubo eyaziwa ngayo eyamkelwe kumazwe amaninzi. Esi siqinisekiso sivavanya iimveliso ngokusekwe kubuchule babo bokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-Atmosphes, qinisekisa ukuba bahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi.

Isatifikethi se-IEcex sibaluleke ngokukodwa kumashishini asebenza kwimida. Isusa isidingo semfuno ezizodwa, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokulungelelanisa iinkqubo zokuthobela. Ngokunamathela kwimigangatho ye-IECEX, abavelisi banokwandisa intengiso yabo ifikelele kwaye wakhe ukuthembana nabathengi behlabathi.

I-IECEX iqinisekisa njani ukhuseleko kwiimarike zamanye amazwe

Isiqinisekiso se-IEcex sokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngokuqhuba uvavanyo olucokisekileyo kunye nokuvavanywa kokuqhushumba kwezakhankanya-ubungqina. Ivavanya imiba efana nokuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuthintelwa kwe-spark, kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Isiqinisekiso sikwabandakanya ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo ukugcina ukuthotyelwa kwexesha. Le nkqubo ingqongqo inceda amashishini anokwamkela izisombululo ezinokuthenjwa kunye nokhuseleko lweendlela ezikhuselekileyo zeemeko ezinobungozi.

I-CSA (uMbutho weMigangatho yaseKhanada)

Isishwankathelo seSiqinisekiso se-CSA sendawo enobungozi

Isiqinisekiso seMigangatho yaseKhanada (CSA) siqinisekisa ukuba izibane zomsebenzi ezinobungqina ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko kwiindawo ezinobungozi eCanada. Esi siqinisekiso sivavanya ukubanakho kwezixhobo zokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezinokutsha, iigesi, okanye uthuli olukhoyo. Iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ze-CSA zivavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwazo kwiMigangatho yeKhowudi yeCanada (CEC). Olu vavanyo luvavanyo lwezinto ezifana nokuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo, kunye nokukwazi ukuthintela ukumiswa.

Isatifikethi se-CSA senda izixhobo ezikwindawo esekwe kudidi lwendalo eyingozi yendalo. Umzekelo, umda 0, umda woku-1, kunye ne-EDT 2 uKhuphiswano 2 ubonisa ukuba i-frequency kunye neendlela zokuqhushumba. Le nkqubo yokuqhekeka inceda amashishini akhethe izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokukhanya kwiimfuno zabo ezithile zokusebenza.

Ukubaluleka Kokuqinisekiswa kwe-CSA kwiimarike zaseCanada

ECanada, isiqinisekiso se-CSA yimfuno ebaluleke kakhulu yokuqhushumba - izibane zomsebenzi ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo eziyingozi. Iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yoKhuseleko kaZwelonke, ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo ezivela kwiingozi ezinokubakho. Amashishini anje ngeoyile kunye negesi, imigodi, kunye nemveliso yekhemikhali exhomekeke kwiimveliso ze-CSA ukuze kugcinwe ukhuseleko ekusebenzeni kwaye uhlangabezana nezibophelelo zomthetho.

Ngokukhetha ukukhanya kwe-CSA-uqinisekiso eliqinisekisiweyo, amashishini abonisa ukuzibophelela kwabo ngokhuseleko kunye nokuthobela ukuthotyelwa. Esi siqinisekiso sikwandisa ukuthembeka kwezixhobo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kunye nexesha lokuphumla. Abavelisi, isiqinisekiso se-CSA sinika ukufikelela kwimarike yaseKhanada, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo ziyafezekisa okulindelweyo kwamashishini endawo.

I-NEC (Ikhowudi yoMbane wesizwe)

Indima ye-NEC ekuchazeni indawo yengozi yengozi

Ikhowudi yombane kazwelonke (i-NEC) idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuchazeni iindawo zendawo ezinobungozi eUnited States. ISASIMAZWE IIKHODI ZOKUFUNDA Iindawo zokuchonga apho i-shormopheres efihlayo inokubakho, njengeklasi i (iigesi ezinokutsha), uthuli), nothulo lwe-II (kunye neklasi). Olu hlazo lunceda amashishini achonga amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko kunye nezixhobo kwimeko nganye.

Imigangatho ye-NEC ikwachaza ukuba uyilo kunye nokufakwa kweemfuno zokuqhushumba zokuqhushumba. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba imigca yokukhanya inokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kokubeka i-attictives ejikelezileyo. Ngokuthobela izikhokelo ze-NEC, amashishini anokwenza imeko ekhuselekileyo yomsebenzi kwaye unciphise umngcipheko weengozi.

Isebenza njani imigangatho ye-NEC ekuqhubeni

Imigangatho ye-NEC ifuna ukuqhuma kwesibane-isibane sokuqhubela phambili ukuba sithobele i-UL 844, i-IL ye-leminaists esetyenziswa kwiindawo eziyingozi. Le migangatho iqinisekise ukuba imigca yokukhanyisa inokuqulatha ukuqhuma kwangaphakathi kwaye kuthintele i-themopheres engaphandle. Bakwavavanya ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo phantsi kweemeko ezigqithisileyo.

Amashishini anje ngeoyile kunye negesi, ukuqhubekisa kwegesi, kunye nokwenza izinto ezixhomekeke kumbane wokuthobela i-NEC yokuhlangabezana nemigaqo yoKhuseleko. Ngokulandela le migangatho, amashishini anokukhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo zabo ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho ye-US yokhuseleko. Imigangatho ye-NEC ikwabonelela ngenkqubo-sikhokelo yokukhetha izisombululo ezinokuthenjwa kunye neziqinisekisiweyo zokuqinisekisa ukukhanya kwengozi kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Iimfuno eziqinisekisiweyo kunye neenkqubo

Uvavanyo kunye noVavanyo

Indlela yokuqhushumba - izibane zomsebenzi ezinobungqina zivavanywa

Ukuqhuma komsebenzi-kuvavanyo olungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayayifezekisa imigangatho yokhuseleko yendawo eyingozi. Imibutho efana neLabhoratries yeLabhoratri (iol) kunye neKhowudi yeSizwe yoMsebenzi (i-NEC) iseke imigaqo-nkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa. I-UL 844, eyona nqanaba iphambili, ichaza uvavanyo oluthile njengokuvavanywa kwe-thermal, eyomkhethi, kunye nokhuseleko. Ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba imigca yokukhanya inokumelana nokuqhushumba okunokubangela ingozi yangaphandle.

Uvavanyo luqala ngovavanyo lwe-thermal, olulinganisa ubushushu bomphezulu kunye nokulawula ubushushu. Uvavanyo lolwakhiwo luvavanya ukuqina kwezibane phantsi kweemeko ezigqithisileyo, kubandakanya uxinzelelo lwe-hydrostatic kunye nokunganyangeki kwentshukumo. Ukuqinisekiswa kokhuseleko kuqinisekisa ukuba izibane ziyanyangeka ngokutshintshana nothuli kunye nokuhambelana nemichiza enobungozi. Olu vavanyo lubanzi olupheleleyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zomsebenzi zokusebenza zinokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezinendawo ezinokutsha, amafutha, okanye uthuli.

Iiparamitha zokhuseleko eziqhelekileyo zivavanywa ngexesha lokuqinisekiswa

Ezi parmers ziqinisekisa ukuba izibane zomsebenzi ezinobungqina zidibana neemfuno zoKhuseleko, ukunciphisa umngcipheko kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Amaxwebhu kunye nelebheli

Ukubaluleka kwelebheli efanelekileyo kwiimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo

Ilebheli efanelekileyo ibalulekile kwizibane zomsebenzi eziqinisekisiweyo zokubonisa ubungqina obuqinisekisiweyo. Iilebheli zibonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo, ezinje ngohlobo lwesiqinisekiso, ukuhlelwa kwendawo enobungozi, kunye nemigangatho yokuthobela. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi banokukhankanya ngokukhawuleza ukuba ingaba imveliso ilungele indawo yabo ethile. Ukubhala ilebheli kuyanceda amashishini ayaphephe ukophulwa komthetho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi.

Yintoni onokuyijonga kumaxwebhu okuqinisekiswa

Abathengi kufuneka baphonononge ngononophelo amaxwebhu okuqinisekisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa. Iinkcukacha eziphambili zibandakanya isiqinisekiso sequmrhu, imigangatho esebenzayo (umz. Amaxwebhu kufuneka abandakanye iziphumo zovavanyo kunye nezikhokelo zolondolozo. Ukujonga ngokupheleleyo la maxwebhu kuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana nokhuseleko kunye neemfuno zokusebenza.

Ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo

Ukuphindaphindeka kunye neemfuno zolondolozo

Ukuqhuma komsebenzi izibane zifuna ukubophazela kwexesha ukugcina ukuthotyelwa. Iziqu eziqinisekisiweyo ziqhuba uhlolo rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ziyaqhubeka nokufezekisa imigangatho yokhuseleko. Ukulungiswa, njengokucoca nokutshintsha izinto ezinxibe, kukwabalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kwexesha elide.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwexesha elide ngemigangatho yokhuseleko

Abavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi kufuneka basebenze kunye ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa okuqhubayo. Oku kubandakanya ukuthobela iishedyuli zolondolozo, ukuhlaziya izitifikethi xa itshintsha, kwaye uqhuba uphicotho-zincwadi rhoqo. Ngokubeka phambili ukuthotyelwa, amashishini anokukhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo ngelixa ugcina ukusebenza kakuhle.

Imigangatho yengingqi kunye nemveliso

amantla Emelika

Imigangatho ephambili efana ne-UL 844 kunye ne-NeC

EMantla Melika, ukuqhuma-kuqhushungqwanga-ubungqina bokukhanya kufuneka kuthotyelwe ngemigangatho yokhuseleko lokhuseleko. Ikhowudi yombane kazwelonke (i-NEC) idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuchazeni iindawo ezinobungozi, ezinje ngodidi I (igesi), uthuli olunokutsha), i-IIbers enokutsha Olu candelo loKhokelo lusikhokelo kumashishini okukhetha izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokukhanya kwendawo eyingozi.

I-UL 844, eyona igunyazisiweyo egunyazisiweyo yi-NEC, iqinisekisa ukuba amakhamonaires asetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungozi zinokuqulatha ukuqhuma kwangaphakathi kwaye kuthintele umnikazi wangaphandle. Lo mgangatho uvavanya izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuchasana nobushushu, ingqibelelo yesakhiwo, kunye nokuthintela i-spark.

• Iimfuno eziphambili zengingqi zibandakanya:
  • Ukuthotyelwa kolu sungululi lwe-nec ngeendawo eziyingozi.
  • Ukubambelela kwi-UL 844 IMIQATHANGO YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA I-LUMAIAIONIIRs.

Ezi kuqinisekiso zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kwezomthetho kumashishini anjengeoyile kunye negesi, imigodi, kunye nemveliso yekhemizi.

Iimfuno ezizodwa zeshishini zendawo ezinobungozi

Amashishini ahlukeneyo eMntla Melika ajongane nemiceli mingeni eyodwa kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Umzekelo, izibonelelo zeoyile kunye negesi zifuna izisombululo ezikhanyayo ezinokumelana neegesi kunye nee-vapors. Ukusebenza kwemigodi ifuna ukuba izixhobo ze -ooolt ekwaziyo ukusebenza kwizindlu ezinothuli kunye nokuqhuma. Ukuqhuma komsebenzi-wokusebenza ngokukrola kuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezikhanyisayo zihlangabezana nezi mfuno, zikhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo.

IYurophu

Imiyalelo ye-ITPX kunye nesicelo sabo

Imiyalelo ye-ITPX yasenza iimfuno ezisezantsi zokhuseleko kwizinto ezisetyenziswa kwimozulu ezisetyenziswayo kwi-European Union. Le miyalelo iqala iindawo ezinobungozi ngokusekwe kwithuba lemimandla eqhumayo, njengendawo 1 (ubukho beziqhude) zegesi) kunye ne-2 (ngamanye amaxesha).

Iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ze-ITXX PHEYUCHEYUCHEOROULYO ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwezi myalelo. Esi siqinisekiso asikuphumi kuphela ukhuseleko kodwa siququzelele ukuthengisa kwi-EU ngokubonelela ngenkqubo-sikhokelo emiselweyo.

Amashishini apho uTshipx uyathobela

Amashishini anjengokuqhubela kwemichiza, imigodi, kunye nemveliso kufuneka athobele imiyalelo ye-ATEX ukuba asebenze ngokusemthethweni kwi-EU. Umzekelo, indawo ye-Atex 1 Isiqinisekiso sokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ekusetyenzisweni kwemeko ngokuvezwa rhoqo kwegesi. Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ye-ITX kukhusela abasebenzi, kunciphisa umngcipheko, kwaye kwakha intembelo kunye nabathengi ngokubonisa ukubambelela kwimigangatho yokhuseleko.

Iimarike zeHlabathi

Indima ye-Iecex kwiRhwebo yeHlabathi

Inkqubo yesatifikethi se-IECEX senza lula urhwebo lwamanye amazwe ngokubonelela ngomgangatho owamkelweyo kwihlabathi jikelele wokuqhuma. Yamkelekile kumazwe angaphezu kwama-50, esi siqinisekiso sisusa isidingo sezemfundo yengingqi, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokukhawulezisa ukungena kwemakethi.

Isiqinisekiso se-IEcex sokuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zomsebenzi-ezinobungqina ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko yoKhuseleko yeHlabathi, eyenza kube lula kubavelisi ukwandisa ukufikelela kwabo kwihlabathi liphela.

Imigangatho yehlabathi yenze lula ukuba imigangatho yehlabathi ibe lula kangakanani

Imigangatho yeHlabathi yeMigangatho ye-IECEX ye-IECEX yokuSebenzisa ngokubonelela ngenkqubo-sikhokelo emanyanisiweyo yokhuseleko. Abavelisi banokuvelisa izixhobo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zamazwe aphesheya, ukunciphisa ubunzulu bokunamathela kwimigangatho emininzi yengingqi. Le ndlela ayiphumi nje kuphela ukhuseleko kodwa ikwathembeni kwabantu abathengiswayo kubathengi behlabathi, ukuvumela urhwebo olungenamthungo kunye nokusebenzisana kwimida.

Ungazikhetha njani izibane zoqeqesho oluqinisekisiweyo

Chonga iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo

Ukujonga amanqaku okuqinisekiswa kunye neelebheli

Izibane zomsebenzi eziqinisekisiweyo eziqinisekisiweyo kufuneka zibonise amanqaku kunye neelebheli. Ezilebheli zibonisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko efana ne-UL, i-ITX, okanye iecex. Abathengi kufuneka bahlole imveliso yezi phawu, ezihlala zibandakanya iqumrhu leziqinisekiso, ukuhlelwa kwendawo enobungozi, kunye nemigangatho efanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ukukhanya okuqinisekisiweyo okuqinisekisiweyo kunokubangela ileyibhile echaza ukuthotyelwa kwe-UL 844 yendawo eyingozi. Ukulebhelisha okufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana neenqobo ezifunekayo zokhuseleko zokusetyenziswa kwenjongo yazo.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwesiqinisekiso esineenkcukacha ezisemthethweni

Abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba kuqinisekiswa ukuba kuqinisekiswe ngogcino olusemthethweni olunikezwe yimibutho yesiqinisekiso. Imibutho enje i-UL kunye iecex igcine ivimba apho abasebenzisi banokuqinisekisa khona imeko yesatifikethi semveliso. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa ubunyani besatifikethi kwaye kuthintela ukuthengwa kweemveliso zobuxoki okanye iimveliso ezingahambelaniyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqinisekiswa kwakhona kunceda amashishini ukuthintela ukophulwa komthetho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwimisebenzi yabo.

Ukuvavanya ukubaluleka kwemveliso

Ukuthelekiswa kwezatifikethi kwimimandla ethile eyingozi

Ukukhetha ukukhanya kwesithuba esifanelekileyo sokuqhushumba, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kufuna ukutshatisa iziqinisekiso zayo kwindawo eyingozi. Ukuchongwa kwendawo kubalulekile. Kwiindawo ezineegesi eziqhumayo, iimpuphu, okanye uthuli, iziqinisekiso ezifana neCID1, CID2, CII, okanye i-ciii ibalulekile. Olu candelo lovavanyo luqinisekisa ukukhanya kunokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiimeko eziguquguqukayo. Ukukhetha isiqinisekiso esichanekileyo sinempembelelo zombini ukuthotyelwa kweprojekthi kunye nokusebenza kwempumelelo.

Ukujonga ukuqina, ukusebenza, kunye neendleko

Ukuqina kunye nokusebenza zizinto eziphambili xa kuvavanywa izibane zomsebenzi wobungqina. Abathengi kufuneka bahlole izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo ngokwakhiwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba banokumelana neemeko ezinzima njengamaqondo obushushu okanye ukuvezwa kwemichiza. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla yenye into ebalulekileyo, njengoko inciphisa iindleko zokusebenza ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngelixa iindleko yinto ethile, ibeka phambili umgangatho kunye nokuthotyelwa kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwexesha elide kunye nokuthembeka.

Ukusebenza nabavelisi abathembekileyo

Ukubaluleka kokuthenga kwabathengisi abadumileyo

Ukuthengwa kwabavelisi abadumileyo buqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuthotyelwa kwezibane zomsebenzi wobungqina bokusebenza. Ababoneleli abamiselweyo bahlala benengxelo eqinisekisiweyo yokuvelisa iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yemizi-mveliso. Bakwabonelela ngenkonzo ethembekileyo emva kokuthengisa, kubandakanya nenkxaso yesondlo kunye nenkxaso. Ukusebenza kunye nabavelisi abathembekileyo kunciphisa umngcipheko kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezenziwayo njengoko kulindeleke kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Imibuzo yokubuza abavelisi malunga nokuqinisekiswa

Abathengi kufuneka babuze abavelisi imibuzo ethile malunga nokuqinisekiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa. Imibuzo ephambili ibandakanya:

• Zeziphi iziqinisekiso ezenziwa yimveliso (umz,, i-il, ityhefu, iecex)?
• Ngaba umenzi unokubonelela amaxwebhu angqinisisa ezi ziqinisekiso?
• Ngaba iimveliso zivavanywe kwimimandla ethile eyingozi, efana ne-1 okanye umda 2?
• Zeziphi iinkqubo zesondlo okanye ukuqeshisa ezifunekayo?

Le mibuzo inceda abathengi benze izigqibo ezinolwazi kwaye bakhetha iimveliso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zabo zokusebenza.

Ukuqhuma komsebenzi-wokusebenza komsebenzi, njenge-IL, i-ITX, i-IEcex, idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Ezi kuqinisekiso azikukhuseli abasebenzi kuphela kodwa zandisa ukusebenza ngokukuko. Umzekelo, isiqinisekiso se-IECEX ye-IECEX ye-I-IECEX Science kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nexesha labavelisi ngelixa begcina ukhuseleko. Ngokufanayo, ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ye-NEC kunye nemigangatho ye-fubile kubalulekile kumashishini anjengeoyile kunye negesi, apho kuqhushungqwa, kunciphisa ukuqhuma komngcipheko kwaye kuphuculwe ukuthembeka.

Ukutyala imali kwizisombululo eziqinisekisiweyo eziqinisekisiweyo zibonelela ngezibonelelo zexesha elide. Inkqubo yokuqhubela phambili ekhokelwa, umzekelo, inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90% kwaye ihlale ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure eziyi-100,000, ukuthoba iimfuno zesondlo. Abathengi kufuneka bahlale beqinisekisa ukuqinisekiswa kwaye bakhetha iimveliso kubavelisi abathembekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukuthobela, kunye nokuqina.

FAQ

1. Ithetha ukuthini "isiqhulo-"

Ukuqhushumba izibane zenziwe ukuba zithintele iintlantsi zangaphakathi okanye ubushushu buvela kwigesi yokufihlakala, iimpuphu, okanye uthuli kwiindawo ezinobungozi. Ezi zibane zihlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-Admospheres enokuqhushumba.

2. Abathengi banokuluqinisekisa njani ukuqinisekiswa kwemveliso?

Abathengi banokungqinisisa iziqinisekiso ngokukhangela kugcino lwedatha ezisemthethweni ukusuka kwimibutho yokuqinisekiswa njenge-UL, i-ITX, okanye iecex. Ezi ziboloselo ziqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemveliso kunye nobunyani, ziqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

3. Zizatifikethi ezinje nge-UL kwaye i-tebid iguquguqukayo?

Hayi, iziqinisekiso ezinje nge-UL kunye ne-fubx yimimandla ekhethekileyo. I-UL isebenza eNyakatho Melika, ngelixa i-ITXX inyanzelekile kwi-European Union. Amashishini asebenza kwihlabathi liphela kufuneka athathe i-IECEX yokuthotyelwa ngokubanzi.

4. Kutheni le ncwadana ibalulekileyo ibalulekile kwizibane eziqingqiweyo zokuqhuma?

Ilebheli efanelekileyo ibonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo, njengokudityaniswa kwendawo enobungozi kunye nemigangatho yokuthobela. Iqinisekisa abasebenzisi anokuchonga iimveliso ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezithile kwaye uphephe ukophulwa komthetho.

5. Kufanele ukuba kuqhume kangaphi ukukhanya okungafunekiyo?

Iishedyuli zokuphendula ziyahluka ngokuqinisekiswa komzimba kunye nohlobo lwemveliso. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kolondolozo kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa okuqhubekayo kwemigangatho yokhuseleko, ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo ngokuhamba kwexesha.