Ulwazi olusisiseko lokukhanyisa ngaphandle

Mhlawumbi abaninzi abantu bacinga ukuba isibane siyinto elula, kubonakala ngathi ayifanelekanga ukuhlalutya ngokucokisekileyo kunye nophando, ngokuchaseneyo, ukuyila kunye nokuveliswa kwezibane ezifanelekileyo kunye nezibane zifuna ulwazi olucebileyo lwe-electronics, izinto eziphathekayo, oomatshini, i-optics. Ukuqonda ezi ziseko kuya kukunceda uvavanye umgangatho wezibane ngokuchanekileyo.

1. Iibhalbhu ze-incandescent

Akunakwenzeka ukubona kancinci ebusuku ngaphandle kwezibane ze-incandescent. Akulula ukwenza iiglowubhu ze-incandescent ezikhanyayo kwaye zonga amandla. Ukuba i-bulb inamandla athile, inokuzaliswa ngegesi ye-inert, enokuphucula ukukhanya kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhalbhu. Okukhethekileyo ngumbingelelo wobomi ngokutshintshiselana nokukhanya okuphezulu kweebhalbhu ze-halogen zamandla aphezulu. Ngokombono wokusetyenziswa kwangaphandle, ngokuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kweenkalo ezininzi, ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kwexesha elide, iibhalbhu zegesi ze-inert eziqhelekileyo zifanelekile ngakumbi, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okuphezulu kwe-halogen bulbs izibane nazo zineenzuzo zayo ngokupheleleyo. Ibhayonethi esemgangathweni kunye nesokethi yeenyawo okanye isinyi esikhethekileyo sesibane zixhaphakile kujongano lwebhalbhu yesibane. Ukususela kumbono wendalo yonke kunye nokuthenga lula, izibane ezisebenzisa i-bayonet bulbs zilula ukubonelela, kunye nama-substitutes amaninzi, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nobomi obude. Izibane ezininzi eziphezulu zisebenzisa i-Halogen xenon bulbs kunye ne-bayonet, ngokuqinisekileyo, ixabiso leHalogen liphezulu. Akulunganga ukuthenga eTshayina, iiglowubhu ze-superba kwiivenkile ezinkulu zikwayindawo yokusebenza elungileyo. Ukuze wenze ibhalbhu yokukhanya ngakumbi ukonga amandla, unokuzama kuphela ukunciphisa amandla, ukukhanya kunye nexesha lihlala liphikisana, kwimeko ye-voltage ethile, i-current rated ye-bulb yokukhanya ide kakhulu, i-PETZL SAXO AQUA isebenzisa i-6V 0.3A ibhalbhu ye-krypton, ukufezekisa umphumo we-bulb ye-6V 0.5A eqhelekileyo. Ukongezelela, ixesha lethiyori yokusebenzisa iibhetri ezine ze-AA lifikelela kwiiyure ze-9, ngumzekelo ophumeleleyo wokukhanya kunye nokulinganisela kwexesha. Ibhalbhu ye-megabor yasekhaya inomlinganiselo omncinci wangoku, othatha indawo efanelekileyo. Kakade ke, ngomnye umcimbi ukuba ujonge nje ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo. I-Surefire iyinto eqhelekileyo, kunye ne-65-lumen cap ehlala kuphela malunga neyure kwiibhetri ezimbini ze-lithium. Ke ngoko, xa uthenga izibane, jonga ixabiso lokulinganisa ibhalbhu yesibane, ubale amandla alo aqikelelweyo, adityaniswe nobubanzi besitya sesibane, unokuqikelela ukuqaqamba okuqikelelweyo, ubuninzi boluhlu kunye nexesha lokusebenzisa, awuyi kubhideka ngokulula ngokubhengezwa kwentengiso.

2. I-LED

Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwe-high-lightness-light-emitting diode kwazisa ukuguqulwa koshishino lokukhanyisa. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nobomi obude zizinto zayo ezinkulu. Ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri eziqhelekileyo ezomileyo zanele ukugcina ukukhanya okuphezulu kwe-LED kuninzi okanye namakhulu eeyure zokukhanyisa. Nangona kunjalo, eyona ngxaki inkulu ye-LED okwangoku kukuba kunzima ukusombulula ingqokelela yokukhanya, umthombo wokukhanya ohlukeneyo wenza ukuba phantse ungakwazi ukukhanyisa umhlaba kwiimitha ezili-10 ebusuku, kunye nombala wokukhanya obandayo wenza ukuba ukungena kwayo kwemvula yangaphandle, inkungu kunye nekhephu kuncipha ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, izibane zihlala zidityaniswa neendlela ezininzi okanye ezininzi ze-LED zokuphucula kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kodwa umphumo awubonakali. Nangona sele sele kukho amandla aphezulu kunye nokukhanya okuphezulu okugxininise ii-led, ukusebenza akukafiki kwinqanaba lokutshintsha ngokupheleleyo ii-bulb ze-incandescent, kwaye iindleko ziphezulu kakhulu. Umbane oqhelekileyo wokuqhuba we-LED oqhelekileyo uphakathi kwe-3-3.7V, kwaye umgangatho wokukhanya kwe-LED ubonakaliswa yi-mcd, ngamabakala amaninzi afana ne-5mm kunye ne-10mm ububanzi. Ubukhulu bedayamitha, kokukhona ixabiso le-mcd liphezulu, kokukhona ukuqaqamba kuphezulu. Ukuqwalaselwa komthamo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla, izibane eziqhelekileyo zikhetha inqanaba le-5mm, kwaye ixabiso le-mcd li malunga ne-6000-10000. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenani elikhulu labavelisi be-LED, ezininzi iibhubhu ze-LED zasekhaya zibhalwe ngobuxoki, kwaye ixabiso legama alikholeleki. Ngokubanzi, ukusebenza kwe-LED yeenkampani zaseJapan kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kuyabonwa, kwaye ikwayeyona ikhethiweyo izibane zaziwayo. Ngenxa yokuba i-LED yanele ukukhanyisa kumbane omncinci kakhulu, ngoko ke, amashumi okanye amakhulu eeyure zezibane eziqhelekileyo ze-LED kufuneka zincitshiswe kakhulu ekusebenziseni okwenyani, mhlawumbi kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ukukhanya kwanele ukukhanyisa yonke inkampu, emva kweeyure ezininzi kunye nayo ukubona itafile kunzima, ngoko ke, ukufakwa kohlengahlengiso lombane wokulungelelaniswa kwesekethe ulungelelwaniso lwamandla ombane angaphandle komgangatho wesibane somgangatho wombane. Okwangoku, i-LED eqhelekileyo isafaneleka ngakumbi ukuba isetyenziswe njengenkampu okanye intente njengomthombo wokukhanya okufutshane, nayo inzuzo yayo.

3. Isitya sesibane

Into ebalulekileyo yokumisela umgangatho wokukhanyisa ngumbonakalisi womthombo wokukhanya - isitya sesibane. Isitya sesibane esiqhelekileyo sifakwe ngesilivere kwiplastiki okanye kwisitya sesinyithi. Kwimithombo yesibane se-incandescent yamandla aphezulu, isitya sesibane setsimbi sikulungele ukutshabalalisa ubushushu, kwaye ububanzi besitya sesibane simisela uluhlu lwethiyori. Ngandlel 'ithile, elikhanyayo isitya isibane hayi ngcono, isiphumo ilungileyo isitya isibane isangqa imibimbi imilo yesikhumba orenji, ngempumelelo ukulawula diffraction ukukhanya okubangelwa amabala amnyama, ukuze indawo ukukhanya kwindawo yokukhanyisa kugxininiswe ngakumbi kwaye iyunifomu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba nesitya esishwabeneyo kubonisa ukuqhelaniswa nobungcali ekukhanyeni.

4. Ilensi

I-lens ikhusela isibane okanye iguqule ukukhanya. Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngeglasi okanye i-resin. Iglasi inokumelana nobushushu obuhle, akulula ukuyikrwempa, izinzile, kodwa amandla okusetyenziswa kwangaphandle ayakhathaza, kwaye iindleko zokusetyenzwa kwindawo yeconvex zikhulu kakhulu, ishidi leresin lilungele ukusetyenzwa, amandla athembekileyo, ubunzima obukhanyayo, kodwa nikela ingqalelo kukhuseleko lokuthintela ukusila okugqithisileyo, ngokuthetha ngokubanzi, i-lens ebalaseleyo yangaphandle yesibane kufuneka icutshungulwe ibe yi-convex ye-convex esebenzayo, i-convex shape sheet inokusebenza kakhulu.

5. Iibhetri

Kwiimeko ezininzi unokukhalaza ukuba kutheni isibane kungekudala singenambane, kwaye sibeke ityala kwisibane ngokwaso, enyanisweni, ukhetho lwebhetri lubalulekile, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuthetha, umthamo kunye nokukhutshwa okwangoku kwebhetri yealkaline eqhelekileyo ilungile, ixabiso eliphantsi, kulula ukuyithenga, ukuguquguquka okunamandla, kodwa impembelelo enkulu yokukhupha ngoku ayifanelekanga, i-nickel metal hydride rechargeable ratio yi-self-chargeable battery, i-self-chargeable ibhetri, i-self-chargeable ibhetri, i-self-chargeable ibhetri. izinga liphezulu, ukukhutshwa kwangoku kwebhetri ye-lithium ilungile kakhulu, ikulungele kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwezibane zamandla aphezulu, kodwa uqoqosho lokusetyenziswa alulunganga, ixabiso lombane we-lithium lisabiza kakhulu okwangoku, izibane ezihambelanayo zizibane zamandla aphezulu, ngoko ke, uninzi lwezibane zentengiso kusetyenziso lwe-brand-name-alkaline ibhetri, ibhetri ye-alkaline iyancitshiswa kakhulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhetri kuya kuba ngcono, ibhetri ephantsi kakhulu, ibhetri ephantsi kakhulu, ibhetri ephantsi kakhulu. ngoko ke, izibane ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezibandayo, indlela efanelekileyo kukudibanisa ibhokisi yebhetri yangaphandle, kunye nobushushu bomzimba ukuqinisekisa ukushisa okusebenzayo kwebhetri. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezinye izibane ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, njengezinye iimodeli ze-PETZL kunye ne-Princeton, kuba i-electrode engafanelekanga yeebhetri ezomileyo zangaphandle iphakanyiswe kancane, ukudibanisa okungalunganga kwezibane zenzelwe ukuba zibe flat. Xa usebenzisa ezinye iibhetri zasekhaya ezine-concave negative electrode, kukho ithuba lokunxibelelana kakubi. Isisombululo silula, yongeza nje iqhekeza elincinci le-gasket.

6. Izinto eziphathekayo

Isinyithi, iplastiki, izibane ezisisiseko zenziwa ngazo, umzimba wesibane wesinyithi womelele kwaye womelele, ukukhanya okuqhelekileyo kunye ne-alloy ye-aluminium eyomeleleyo isetyenziswa, ukuba kuyimfuneko, isibane sesinyithi sisoloko sisetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuzikhusela, kodwa isinyithi esiqhelekileyo asikwazi ukumelana nokubola, sinzima kakhulu, ngoko asifanelekanga ukuba izibane zokuntywila, ukukhanya okuhle kwe-thermal, ukuchithwa kwexesha elibandayo, ukukhupha ukushisa, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elibandayo, ukukhokelela ekuqhubeni ubushushu, ukufudumala kwiindawo ezibandayo. kunzima ukwenza ukusetyenziswa kwesibane sentloko, Iindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kakhulu zeplastiki zobunjineli, i-polycarbonate, i-ABS / i-polyester, i-polycarbonate ifayibha yeglasi eyomeleziweyo, i-polyimide njalo njalo, intsebenzo yahluke kakhulu, thatha i-polycarbonate glass fiber eqiniswe njengomzekelo, amandla ayo anele ukujamelana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo zangaphandle, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukugquma, ubunzima bokukhanya, yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha isibane kunye nesibane sokuntywila. Kodwa iplastiki ye-ABS eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa kwizibane zexabiso eliphantsi iphila ixesha elifutshane kakhulu kwaye ayihlali ixesha elide. Qiniseka ukuba uyayihoya xa uthenga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iyakwazi ukwahlula ngokuziva ngokucinezela kanzima.

7. Tshintsha

Ukumiselwa kokutshintsha kwesibane kumisela ukulungelelaniswa kokusetyenziswa kwayo. Isitshixo sesitshixo sesitshixo esifana netotshi yentsimbi ilula kwaye ifanelekile, kodwa i-congenital ayinakukwazi ukunqanda amanzi ngokupheleleyo, okucacileyo ukuba ayifanelekanga. Ukutshintshela iqhosha lerabha kwitotshi ye-magnesium D kulula ukungangeni manzi kwaye kulula, kodwa ngokucacileyo ayifanelekanga kwizihlandlo ezinje ngokuntywila, kwaye uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluphezulu lunokubangela ukuvuza kokutshintsha. Umsila cinezela uhlobo iswitshi ithandwa ngokukodwa kwizibane ezincinci, ingakumbi ezilungele ukukhanya kunye nexesha elide elikhanyayo, kodwa isakhiwo sayo esintsonkothileyo ukuba sithathele ingqalelo ukuqina kunye nokuthembeka kuyingxaki, ukunxibelelana kakubi kwezinye izibane zasefektri ezidumileyo nazo zixhaphakile. Ukutshintsha isibane esijikelezayo sesona sitshixo silula kwaye sithembekile, kodwa sinokwenza umsebenzi wokutshintsha omnye kuphela, awukwazi ukuhlelwa, kunzima ukuyila umsebenzi wokugxila, ukuguquguquka kwamanzi akulungile (ukutshintsha ukusebenza kwamanzi kulula ukuvuza). Ukutshintshela i-Knob yeyona nto ithandwayo yezibane zokuntywila ngaphezulu, isakhiwo sesona sixhobo sokungangeni manzi, kulula ukusebenza, kulula ukushukuma, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, sinokutshixa, akukwazi ukukhanyiswa.

8. Ukungangeni manzi

Kulula kakhulu ukugweba ukuba isibane asinamanzi okanye hayi. Jonga ngononophelo ukuba kukho amakhonkco erabha athambileyo kunye nelastiki kuyo yonke indawo yesibane (isibane sesibane, iswitshi, ikhava yebhetri, njl. njl.). Amakhonkco erabha agqwesileyo, adityaniswe noyilo olufanelekileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe obugqwesileyo bokusetyenzwa, anokuqinisekisa ubunzulu obungangeni manzi obungaphezulu kweenyawo ezili-1000. Ngaphantsi kwemvula enkulu ayinakuqinisekisa ukuba akuyi kubakho ukuvuza, isizathu kukuba i-rubber elasticity ayanele ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka ngokupheleleyo kweendawo ezimbini. Ukusuka kumbono woyilo, isibane esijikelezayo sokutshintsha kunye neqhosha lomgqomo utshintshe ngokwethiyori eyona nto ilula kakhulu ukuba ingangeni manzi, isitshixo sesilayidi kunye nomsila wocofa iswitshi kunzima noko. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni loyilo lokutshintsha, kungcono ukuba ungatshintshi rhoqo xa usetyenziswe phantsi kwamanzi, inkqubo yokutshintsha yeyona ndlela ilula kakhulu ukungena emanzini, ekuntywileni, indlela ekhuselekileyo ngakumbi kukubeka igrisi encinci kwindandatho yerabha, inokutywinwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwangaxeshanye, igrisi iphinda ilungele ukugcinwa kweringi yerabha, ukuphepha ukunxiba kwangaphambi kwexesha emva kokusetyenziswa kwerabha, uninzi lwerabha yokunxiba. inxalenye yesibane ukuya ekwaluphaleni. Kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu kokusetyenziswa kwangaphandle.

9. I-Voltage adjustment circuit

Umjikelo wohlengahlengiso lwe-voltage kufuneka ube ngowona mfanekiso ubalaseleyo wezibane eziphambili, ukusetyenziswa kwesekethe yohlengahlengiso lwamandla ombane kunemisebenzi emibini: Umbane wokuqhuba we-LED eqhelekileyo ngu-3-3.6V, okuthetha ukuba ubuncinane iibhetri ezintathu eziqhelekileyo kufuneka ziqhagamshelwe kuthotho ukufezekisa umphumo ofanelekileyo. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ukuguquguquka koyilo lwesibane kuthintelwe kakhulu. Le yokugqibela ibonisa ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwamandla ombane, ukwenzela ukuba i-voltage ayiyi kunciphisa ukukhanya kunye nokunciphisa ibhetri. Ngalo lonke ixesha gcina inqanaba elifanelekileyo lokuqaqamba, kunjalo, kwakhona lula ukuqaqamba uhlengahlengiso shift. I-Advantages ine-advantages, i-voltage adjustment circuit iya kudla ukuchitha ubuncinane i-30% yamandla ombane, ngoko ke, idla ngokusetyenziswa kwizibane ze-LED ezisezantsi. Isiphaluka esimele uhlengahlengiso lwe-voltage sisetyenziswa yi-PETZL's MYO 5. Ukukhanya kwe-LED kulungelelaniswa kumanqanaba amathathu ukuze kugcinwe ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwamanqanaba amathathu e-LED kwiiyure ze-10, iiyure ze-30 kunye neeyure ze-90 ngokulandelanayo.

10. Ukusebenza

Ukuze wenze izibane zingakwazi ukukhanya kuphela, kodwa zibe nemisebenzi emininzi eyongezelelweyo okanye ukusetyenziswa okulula ngakumbi, kwavela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoyilo.

I-headband enhle kakhulu, kwiimeko ezininzi inokwenza isandla esincinci sombane sidlale indimaisibane esilethiweyo esigcwalisekayo, izibane ezininzi zokuntywila zidla ngokusetyenziswa ngolu hlobo lusisigxina.

Ikliphu ekwi-ARC AAA inokubotshelelwa kwipokotho yehempe njengepeni, nangona eyona ndlela isebenzayo kukuyiqhobosha ukuya kungqameko lomnqwazi wakho njengesibane.

L Uyilo lwekwakhokelela isibane protableilunge kakhulu. Izihluzi ezine kwindawo yomsila zifaneleke kakhulu ukusetyenziswa komqondiso ebusuku.

I-PETZL DUO LED inebhalbhu yokugcina i-backup eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, njengoko nayiphi na isibane esifanelekileyo sangaphandle kufuneka.

I-ARC LSHP inokusebenzisa ngokulula iindlela ezahlukeneyo zamandla ngokweemfuno. Isiphelo esingasemva yi-CR123A enye, i-CR123A ephindwe kabini kunye ne-AA ephindwe kabini

Backup amandla. Ukuba unokukhanya okukufutshane nawe kuphela, ukutshintsha ibhetri kwipitch Black kunokubulala. I-Black Diamond Supernova ine-6V yombane ekhoyo ukubonelela ngeeyure ezili-10 zeukukhanya kwe-LED yangaphandlengexesha lokutshintsha kwebhetri okanye xa ibhetri iphela.

Nangona uvavanyo lwam lobuqu luphantsi kakhulu, kodwa umazibuthe unokubhengezwa kumphezulu wesinyithi womsebenzi usaxatyiswa.

I-Gannet's gyro-gun II, kulula ukuyisebenzisa njengetotshi, isibane sentloko okanye iindawo ezahlukeneyo.