Ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo yezibane zelanga

Isibane sengca yelanga luhlobo lwesibane samandla aluhlaza, esineempawu zokhuseleko, ukonga amandla, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokufakelwa okulula.Isibane sengca yelanga esingangeni manziIkakhulu yenziwe ngomthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli, ibhetri, imodyuli yeseli yelanga kunye nomzimba wesibane kunye nezinye izinto. Phantsi kokukhanya, amandla ombane agcinwa kwibhetri ngeseli yelanga, kwaye amandla ombane ebhetri athunyelwa kwi-LED yomthwalo ngesilawuli xa kungekho kukhanya. Ifanelekile ukuhombisa ukukhanya okuhombisa ingca eluhlaza kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nokuhombisa ingca yeepaki.

Iseti epheleleyo yeisibane sengca yelangaInkqubo ibandakanya: umthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli, ibhetri, izixhobo zeseli yelanga kunye nomzimba wesibane.
Xa ilanga likhanya kwiseli yelanga emini, iseli yelanga iguqula amandla okukhanya abe ngamandla ombane kwaye igcina amandla ombane kwibhetri ngesekethe yokulawula. Emva kobumnyama, amandla ombane kwibhetri anika amandla kumthombo wokukhanya we-LED wesibane sengca ngesekethe yokulawula. Xa kwakusa kusasa olulandelayo, ibhetri yayeka ukubonelela ngombane kumthombo wokukhanya, iizibane zengca zelangayacima, kwaye iiseli zelanga zaqhubeka nokutshaja ibhetri. Isilawuli senziwe yi-microcomputer ene-chip enye kunye ne-sensor, kwaye silawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwenxalenye yomthombo wokukhanya ngokuqokelelwa kunye nokugweba kwesignali ye-optical. Umzimba wesibane udlala indima yokukhusela inkqubo kunye nokuhombisa emini ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo. Phakathi kwazo, umthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli kunye nebhetri zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukusebenza kwenkqubo yesibane sengca. Umzobo we-pivot yenkqubo uboniswe ngasekunene.
Ibhetri yelanga
1. Uhlobo
Iiseli zelanga ziguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeeseli zelanga ezisebenziseka ngakumbi: i-monocrystalline silicon, i-polycrystalline silicon, kunye ne-amorphous silicon.
(1) Iiparameter zokusebenza kweeseli zelanga ze-silicon ezi-monocrystalline zizinzile, kwaye zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwimimandla esemazantsi apho kukho iintsuku ezininzi zemvula kwaye ilanga linganeli.
(2) Inkqubo yokuvelisa iiseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon ilula kakhulu, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi kunele-monocrystalline silicon. Ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwimimandla yasempuma nasentshona enelanga elaneleyo kunye nelanga elihle.
(3) Iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ezi-Amorphous zinemfuno ephantsi kakhulu kwiimeko zelanga, kwaye zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo apho ukukhanya kwelanga ngaphandle kunganeliyo.
2. I-voltage yokusebenza
I-voltage esebenzayo yeseli yelanga iphindwe kayi-1.5 kune-voltage yebhetri ehambelanayo ukuqinisekisa ukutshajwa okuqhelekileyo kwebhetri. Umzekelo, kufuneka iiseli zelanga eziyi-4.0~5.4V ukutshaja iibhetri eziyi-3.6V; kufuneka iiseli zelanga eziyi-8~9V ukutshaja iibhetri eziyi-6V; kufuneka iiseli zelanga eziyi-15~18V ukutshaja iibhetri eziyi-12V.
3. Amandla okukhupha
Amandla okukhupha ngeyunithi nganye yeseli yelanga malunga ne-127 Wp/m2. Iseli yelanga ngokubanzi yenziwe ziiseli ezininzi zeyunithi yelanga ezidityaniswe ngothotho, kwaye amandla ayo axhomekeke kumandla apheleleyo asetyenziswa ngumthombo wokukhanya, izinto zokuhambisa umgca, kunye namandla emitha yelanga yasekuhlaleni. Amandla okukhupha ebhetri yelanga kufuneka adlule amaxesha ama-3-5 amandla omthombo wokukhanya, kwaye kufuneka abe ngaphezu kwamaxesha ama-3-4 kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuninzi kunye nexesha elifutshane lokukhanya; kungenjalo, kufuneka abe ngaphezu kwamaxesha ama-4-5.
ibhetri yokugcina
Ibhetri igcina amandla ombane avela kwiiphaneli zelanga xa kukho ukukhanya, kwaye iwakhuphe xa kufuneka ukukhanya ebusuku.
1. Uhlobo
(1) Ibhetri ye-lead-acid (CS): Isetyenziselwa ukukhupha umbane kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi kunye nomthamo ophantsi, kwaye isetyenziswa zizibane ezininzi zesitalato zelanga. Itywina alinakugcinwa kwaye ixabiso liphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo ukuthintela ungcoliseko lwe-lead-acid kwaye kufuneka isuswe ngokupheleleyo.
(2) Ibhetri yokugcina iNickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd): izinga eliphezulu lokukhupha, ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obuphantsi, ubomi bomjikelo omde, ukusetyenziswa kancinci kwenkqubo, kodwa kufuneka kuthathwe unonophelo ukuthintela ungcoliseko lwe-cadmium.
(3) Ibhetri ye-Nickel-metal hydride (Ni-H): ikhupha umbane ngesantya esiphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kubushushu obuphantsi, ixabiso eliphantsi, akukho ngcoliseko, kwaye ibhetri eluhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezincinci, le mveliso kufuneka ikhuthazwe kakhulu. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeebhetri ezingenalo i-lead-acid yokugcina, iibhetri eziqhelekileyo ze-lead-acid kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline nickel-cadmium ezisetyenziswa kakhulu.
2. Uqhagamshelo lwebhetri
Xa uqhagamshela ngaxeshanye, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela isiphumo esingalinganiyo phakathi kweebhetri nganye nganye, kwaye inani lamaqela ahambelanayo akufuneki lidlule amaqela amane. Nika ingqalelo kwingxaki yokulwa nokubiwa kwebhetri ngexesha lokufakwa.