Isibane sokukhanya kwelanga luhlobo lwesibane samandla aluhlaza, esineempawu zokhuseleko, ukonga amandla, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nofakelo olufanelekileyo.Isibane seLawn esingangenwa ngamanziikakhulu yenziwe ngumthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli, ibhetri, imodyuli yeseli yelanga kunye nomzimba wesibane kunye namanye amacandelo. Ngaphantsi kwe-irradiation yokukhanya, amandla ombane agcinwa kwibhetri ngokusebenzisa iseli yelanga, kwaye amandla ombane ebhetri athunyelwa kumthwalo we-LED ngokusebenzisa umlawuli xa kungabikho ukukhanya. Ilungele ukuhombisa ukukhanya kwengca eluhlaza kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nokuhombisa ingca yeepaki.
Iseti epheleleyo yeisibane selangainkqubo ibandakanya: umthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli, ibhetri, amacandelo elanga kunye nomzimba wesibane.
Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanya kwiseli yelanga emini, iseli yelanga iguqula amandla okukhanya kumandla ombane kwaye igcina amandla ombane ebhetri ngokusebenzisa isiphaluka solawulo. Emva kobumnyama, amandla ombane ebhetri anika amandla kumthombo wokukhanya we-LED wesibane sengca ngokusebenzisa isiphaluka solawulo. Xa kusithi qheke ukusa ngentsasa elandelayo, ibhetri yayeka ukunika amandla kumthombo wokukhanya, iizibane zelangawaphuma, kwaye iiseli zelanga zaqhubeka nokutshaja ibhetri. Umlawuli uqulunqwe yi-microcomputer ye-single-chip kunye ne-sensor, kwaye ulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwenxalenye yomthombo wokukhanya ngokuqokelela kunye nesigwebo somqondiso we-optical. Umzimba wesibane ikakhulu udlala indima yokukhusela inkqubo kunye nokuhlobisa emini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo. Phakathi kwabo, umthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli kunye nebhetri yinto ephambili yokumisela ukusebenza kwenkqubo yesibane sesibane. Idayagram yepivot yenkqubo iboniswe ekunene.
Ibhetri yelanga
1. Uhlobo
Iiseli zelanga ziguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeeseli zelanga ezisebenza ngakumbi: isilicon ye-monocrystalline, i-silicon ye-polycrystalline, kunye ne-amorphous silicon.
(1) Iiparamitha zokusebenza zeeseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline zizinzile, kwaye zifanelekile ukuba zisetyenziswe kwimimandla esemazantsi apho kukho iintsuku ezininzi zemvula kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okwaneleyo.
(2) Inkqubo yokuveliswa kweeseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon ilula, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi kunelo le-silicon ye-monocrystalline. Ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwimimandla esempuma kunye nentshona enelanga elaneleyo kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okulungileyo.
(3) Iiseli ze-amorphous silicon zelanga zineemfuno eziphantsi kakhulu kwiimeko zokukhanya kwelanga, kwaye zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo apho ukukhanya kwelanga kwangaphandle kunganelanga.
2. Amandla ombane osebenzayo
Umbane osebenzayo weseli yelanga yi-1.5 amaxesha ombane webhetri ehambelanayo ukuqinisekisa ukutshaja okuqhelekileyo kwebhetri. Ngokomzekelo, iiseli ze-solar ze-4.0 ~ 5.4V ziyadingeka ukuhlawula iibhetri ze-3.6V; I-8 ~ 9V iiseli zelanga ziyafuneka ukutshaja iibhetri ze-6V; I-15 ~ 18V iiseli zelanga ziyafuneka ukutshaja iibhetri ze-12V.
3. Amandla emveliso
Amandla okuvelisa kwiyunithi yendawo yeseli yelanga malunga ne-127 Wp / m2. Iseli yelanga ngokuqhelekileyo iqulunqwe ngeeseli zeyunithi ezininzi zelanga ezidityaniswe kuluhlu, kwaye umthamo wayo uxhomekeke kumandla apheleleyo asetyenziswe ngumthombo wokukhanya, amacandelo okuhambisa umgca, kunye namandla emitha yelanga yendawo. Amandla okukhutshwa kwebhetri yelanga kufuneka adlule amaxesha angama-3 ~ 5 amandla omthombo wokukhanya, kwaye kufuneka abe ngaphezu kwamaxesha (3 ~ 4) kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okukhulu kunye nexesha elifutshane lokukhanya; kungenjalo, kufuneka ibe ngaphezu (4~5) amaxesha.
ibhetri yokugcina
Ibhetri igcina amandla ombane avela kwiipaneli zelanga xa kukho ukukhanya, kwaye iyawakhulula xa kufuneka ukukhanya ebusuku.
1. Uhlobo
(1) Ibhetri ye-Lead-acid (CS): Isetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kweqondo eliphezulu lobushushu obuphantsi kunye nomthamo ophantsi, kwaye isetyenziswa zizibane ezininzi zesitrato zelanga. Isitywina asigcinwanga kwaye ixabiso liphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukuthintela ukungcoliseka kwe-lead-asidi kwaye kufuneka kupheliswe.
(2) I-nickel-cadmium (i-Ni-Cd) yokugcina ibhetri: izinga eliphezulu lokukhutshwa, ukusebenza kakuhle kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, ubomi bomjikelezo omde, ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo encinci, kodwa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukukhusela ukungcola kwe-cadmium.
(3) Ibhetri ye-nickel-metal hydride (Ni-H): ukukhutshwa okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, ixabiso elincinci, akukho ngcoliseko, kwaye ibhetri eluhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezincinci, le mveliso kufuneka ikhuthazwe ngamandla. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeebhetri ze-lead-acid zokugcinwa-free, iibhetri eziqhelekileyo ze-lead-acid kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline ze-nickel-cadmium ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
2. Uqhagamshelo lwebhetri
Xa udibanisa ngokufanayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela umphumo ongalinganiyo phakathi kweebhetri zomntu ngamnye, kwaye inani lamaqela ahambelanayo akufanele lidlule amaqela amane. Nika ingqalelo kwingxaki yokungabiwa kwebhetri ngexesha lofakelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-04-2023