Uhlalutyo olufutshane lwemboni yezibane zelanga kunye nezibane zelanga zehlabathi kunye nezaseTshayina ngo-2023

Ukukhanya kwe-Photovoltaic kusetyenziswa iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ezikristale, ibhetri evaliweyo elawulwa yi-valve engenalo ulondolozo (ibhetri ye-colloidal) yokugcina amandla ombane, izibane ze-LED ezikhanyayo kakhulu njengomthombo wokukhanya, kwaye zilawulwa yi-intelligent charge and discharge controller, ezisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yezibane zombane zemveli zikawonke-wonke. Izibane zelanga kunye nezibane ziyimveliso yesicelo setekhnoloji yokuguqula i-photoelectric, enezibonelelo zokonga amandla, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ukhuseleko, ukungabikho kwentambo, ukufakwa okulula, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo, lunokutshintshwa nangaliphi na ixesha ngokweemfuno zendawo yeplagi, njl. Iintlobo eziphambili zizibane zegadi zelanga, izibane zengca zelanga, izibane zesitalato zelanga, izibane zomhlaba zelanga, njl. Zingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiyadi, kwiindawo zokuhlala, kwiindawo ezinomtsalane kubakhenkethi, kwiindlela eziphambili zasezidolophini nakwiindlela zesibini nakwezinye iindawo.

Isishwankathelo soshishino lokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic Okwangoku, isiseko semveliso yeemveliso zokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic sigxile kakhulu eTshayina. ITshayina yenze uthotho olupheleleyo lwemizi-mveliso ukusuka ekuvelisweni kweeseli zelanga kunye nemithombo yokukhanya kwe-LED ukuya ekusetyenzisweni okudibeneyo kweeseli zelanga kunye netekhnoloji ye-LED. Amashishini asekhaya athatha inxaxheba enkulu kwimarike yehlabathi yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic.

Uphuhliso lweshishini lokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic lugxile kakhulu kwiPearl River Delta, kwiYangtze River Delta nakwiFujian Delta, nto leyo eyenza iimpawu zophuhliso lwengingqi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, abathengi beemveliso zokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic bangaphandle, bagxile eMntla Melika, eYurophu nakwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla.

Isibane sengca yelangaisishwankathelo secandelo

Izibane zengca zelanga zezona mveliso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic, zibiza ngaphezulu kwe-50% yamandla emarike yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic. Ngokukhuthazwa kokugcinwa kwamandla kunye namanyathelo okunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya kububanzi obukhulu nobunzulu, ulwazi lwabantu ngokonga amandla luya kuba nzulu ngakumbi, kwaye izibane zemveli ziya kuthatyathelwa indawo zizibane zelanga, zivula imakethi entsha kwimarike engenanto yangaphambili.

A. Imarike yangaphandle yeyona nto iphambili kubathengi: izibane zelanga zisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa nokukhanyisa iigadi kunye neengca, kwaye iimarike zazo eziphambili zigxile eYurophu nase-United States nakwezinye iindawo eziphuhlileyo. Izindlu kwezi ndawo zihlala zinegadi okanye iingca ezifuna ukuhonjiswa okanye ukukhanyiswa; Ukongeza, ngokwesiko lenkcubeko lamazwe aseYurophu naseMelika, abemi basekuhlaleni badla ngokungakwazi ukuphepha ukwenza imisebenzi kwingca yangaphandle ngexesha lemibhiyozo emikhulu yeeholide ezifana neThanksgiving, iPasika kunye neKrismesi, okanye eminye imisebenzi yendibano efana nemitshato kunye nemiboniso, efuna imali eninzi echithwe ekugcinweni nasekuhombiseni ingca.

Indlela yesiqhelo yokubonelela ngombane yokubeka intambo yonyusa iindleko zokugcina ingca. Kunzima ukuhambisa ingca emva kokufakwa, kwaye inemingcipheko ethile yokhuseleko. Ukongeza, ifuna amandla ombane amaninzi, nto leyo engabizi kakhulu kwaye ilula. Isibane selanga siye sathatha indawo yesibane sesiqhelo sengca ngenxa yeempawu zaso ezilula, ezinoqoqosho nezikhuselekileyo, kwaye siye saba lukhetho lokuqala lokukhanyisa ingca yasekhaya eYurophu nase-United States.

B. Imfuno yemarike yasekhaya iyavela kancinci kancinci: Yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuba amandla elanga, njengamandla ahlaziyekayo angenamkhawulo, athathe indawo kancinci kancinci yamandla aqhelekileyo kwimveliso nakwizinto zokuhlala ezidolophini. Ukukhanya kwelanga, njengenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokusebenzisa amandla elanga, kuye kwanikwa ingqalelo ngakumbi kumashishini amandla kunye namashishini okukhanyisa. Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yokukhanyisa amandla elanga sele ikhulile, kwaye ukuthembeka kwayoukukhanya kwamandla elangaingaphucuka kakhulu. Kwimeko yokunyuka kwamaxabiso amandla aqhelekileyo kunye nokunqongophala kwamandla, iimeko zokuthandwa kakhulu kwezibane zelanga ziye zavuthwa.

Ishishini lamandla elanga laseTshayina likhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imfuno enokubakho yeemveliso zamandla elanga kwimarike yasekhaya nayo inkulu kakhulu. Inani kunye nobukhulu bamashishini emveliso yezibane zelanga zaseTshayina ziyanda, imveliso ibangele ngaphezulu kwe-90% yemveliso yehlabathi, intengiso yonyaka engaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-300, izinga lokukhula eliphakathi lokuveliswa kwezibane zelanga kwiminyaka yakutshanje lingaphezulu kwe-20%.

Isibane sengca yelanga sisetyenziswa kakhulu ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ngenxa yeempawu zaso zokonga umbane, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokufakelwa okulula. Nangona ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zethu kungakhange kuthandwe ngokupheleleyo, amandla aso okufunwa makhulu kakhulu. Ngophuhliso loqoqosho, ukuphuculwa kwengcamango yokusetyenziswa kwabantu kunye nokwanda kwendawo eluhlaza yasezidolophini, imakethi yasekhaya iya kwandisa ngakumbi imfuno yobonelelo lwezixhobo.izibane zengca zelanga, kwaye iindawo ezifana neeB&B, iivillas kunye neepaki zisenokuba zezona zifunwa kakhulu.

C. Iimpawu zeempahla zabathengi ezihamba ngokukhawuleza zicacile: Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, isibane selanga esisetyenziswa yilanga siyatshintsha kancinci kancinci ukusuka kwimfuno entsha ukuya kwimfuno yoluntu, kwaye iimpawu zokusetyenziswa kweempahla zabathengi ezihamba ngokukhawuleza ziya zibonakala ngakumbi, ngakumbi eYurophu nase-United States.

Iimpahla zabathengi ezihamba ngokukhawuleza kulula ukwamkela abathengi kwaye zinokutyiwa ngexesha elifutshane emva kokuthenga kwaye zinokuphindwa. Ngokuhambelana notshintsho oluqhelekileyo lwemveliso, uninzi lwezibane zelanga ezincinci zihlala malunga nonyaka okwangoku, kodwa ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi ezitshintshayo. Iimpawu zezibane zelanga zelanga zibonakala ngakumbi kwiimveliso zexesha lasentshona ze-FMCG. Abantu baya kuzikhethela ngokuzenzekelayo izibane zelanga ezahlukeneyo kunye nezibane zegadi ngokweminyhadala eyahlukeneyo, engahlangabezani neemfuno zokukhanya kuphela, kodwa ikwahombisa kakhulu, ebonisa ingcamango yefashoni yanamhlanje yokudibanisa ubuhle bomntu kunye nesigqi sokukhanya.

D. Isidanga sobuhle siya sifumana ingqwalasela engakumbi: izixhobo zokukhanyisa ze-photovoltaic zibonelela abantu ngeemeko ezibonakalayo ezikhululekileyo. Ukulungelelaniswa kwazo zonke iintlobo zokukhanya nombala yindlela yokubonakalisa isitayile sokukhanyisa indawo, esinokuphinda imbonakalo yendawo edaliweyo ukuze ibonise ubuhle bobugcisa kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zabantu ezibonakalayo, iimfuno zobuhle kunye neemfuno zengqondo. Abantu banikela ingqalelo engakumbi kubuhle bokukhanya kwe-photovoltaic, kunye neenzuzo zoyilo kunye nokuveliswa, banokubona utshintsho lobuhle beshishini luya kuba kwindawo efanelekileyo kuphuhliso lwemarike.