Iindaba

TL;DR

Izibane ze-LED ezinokutshajwa zinciphisa iindleko zokulungisa izibane zesiza ngama-40-60% kwixesha lokuqala lonyaka.kubaZiyayisusa into yokutshintshwa kwe-mantle, ukufumana iimpazamo zekhebula, kunye nomsebenzi wokufaka kwakhona ngexesha elithile.
Iipaki zaseYurophu ezichaza izibane ezine-IP65+ zinciphisa amazinga okungaphumeleli okunxulumene nemozulu ukusuka kwi-35% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-5% ngonyaka,kubaIimodyuli ze-LED ezivaliweyo ziyamelana nokungena komswakama okutshabalalisa iifilaments ze-incandescent.
Ukuthobela i-EN 50171 kwiinkqubo zokuxhasa ngexesha likaxakeka ngoku kwenza ukuba izibane ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zibe yimfuneko kwiindawo zokukhempisha ezikumgangatho ophezulu kulo lonke i-EU,kubaIxesha lokusebenza eliphantsi leeyure ezisi-8 lihambelana ngokuchanekileyo nomthamo webhetri ye-lithium-ion kwi-lumens ezingaphezu kwe-100.
Umahluko wepitshi yeprimiyamu — apho umgangatho wokukhanyisa indawo uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuguqulwa kokubhukisha — uqhuba abaqhubi ukuba basebenzise izibane ze-lumen ezingama-300-500 kwiindawo zeprimiyamukubaIindwendwe zisebenzisa ngakumbi ukukhanya njengendlela yokukhetha indawo yokukhempisha.
Iiprotokholi zokugcina izinto ebusika eziquka imijikelo yokutshaja engaphelelanga yeentsuku ezingama-90 zinokwandisa ubomi bebhetri yesibane esinokutshajwa kwakhona ngaphaya kweminyaka emihlanu,kubaikhemistri ye-lithium-ion yonakala ngokuyintloko ngokukhupha okunzulu, kungekhona ubudala bekhalenda.

Isibane sekhempi esitshajwayo sangaphandle se-MT — Isibane se-LED esinokutshaja kwe-USB-C, ii-lumens ezingama-300, i-IPX4 engangeni manzi yokukhanyisa ikharavani kunye nendawo yokukhempisha

Hayi indlela ekunzima ngayo ukukhalaza ngezibane zesiza, umqhubi weCaravan Park oziimitha ezingama-300 zekhebula — kunye noyilo olutsha lwenkqubo oluyisombulule ngokusisigxina

Ndisayikhumbula loo fowuni. Kwakuphakathi kuJulayi, ixesha lonyaka elinzima, kwaye umqhubi we-caravan park eLake District wayesandula ukufumana uphononongo olubi kwiqonga elikhulu lokubhukisha. Usapho lwalufike kwindawo yalo emva kokuba kuhlwile, lwaza lwasokola ukufumana inombolo yalo ebumnyameni, lwaza lwachitha imizuzu engamashumi amane emvuleni lulwa nentambo ye-12V engasebenzi kakuhle eyayisebenza kwikholamu yokukhanyisa yendawo yabo. Inombolo yenkundla yayingabonakali kangako. Amava onakaliswe ngaphambi kokuba i-awning iphakame.

Umqhubi — masimbize ngokuba nguRichard — wenza into eyenziwa ngabaninzi babaqhubi kuloo meko. Wathumela iqela lakhe lokulungisa. Iqela lachitha iintsuku ezintathu lilungisa imijelo lize litshintshe iimitha ezingama-300 zeentambo ezingcwatyiweyo, ngexabiso aliqikeleleyo malunga ne-£4,200 kuquka izixhobo kunye nomsebenzi. Unobangela oyintloko? Intambo edibeneyo eyayingcole phantsi kwentambo edibeneyo ebusika. Yayinokuqikelelwa ngokupheleleyo. Yayinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye yayilixesha lesithathu kwiminyaka esixhenxe le nto yenzeka.

Loo kulungiswa kwe-£4,200 yayilixesha apho iqela likaRichard laqala ukuvavanya ngokunzuluizibane zokukhempisha ezingenazintambo ezinokutshajwa kwakhonanjengesixhobo esihlala sithatha indawo yeekholamu zezibane zesiza eziqinileyo. Sibone le ndlela iphindaphindwa kwiindawo zokupaka iikharavani kulo lonke elase-UK, eJamani, eFransi naseNetherlands kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo. Izibalo zihlala ziphuma ngendlela efanayo: zisusa iziseko zekhebula ezingcwatyiweyo, zisasaze izibane ezingenazintambo ezingama-30-50 kwipaki enama-40-pitch, kwaye zibuyisele utyalo-mali kwiinyanga ezili-18-24 ngokuphelisa ukugcinwa kweentambo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokufaka ngexesha lonyaka.

Inkqubo kaRichard ehlaziyiweyo ngoku isebenzisa izibane ezitshajwayo ezihambelana ne-48V ezifakwe kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezikhoyo, ezitshajwa ngesikhululo sedokhi yelanga esiphakathi ngexesha lokungasebenzi. Intambo efihliweyo ayisekho. Izikhalazo zokugqwala azisekho. Kwaye intetho yosapho ngoku kulula ukuyifumana xa ifika —kubaisibane ngasinye siphethe ipleyiti encinci yepitch ekhanyisiweyo ye-LED eqhutywa ngqo yibhetri yesibane, into engazange isebenziseke xa kukholamu eneentambo eziqinileyo.

Kutheni iiLantern ze-LED ezitshajwayo zithathe indawo yeeLantern zeMantle kwiiCaravan Parks zaseYurophu: Ityala lokusebenza lokukhanyisa indawo engenazintambo

Isibane semveli se-mantle — uyazazi ezo, i-propane okanye i-butane evuthayo ene-ceramic mantle ebuthathaka efuna ukutshintshwa kabini okanye kathathu ngexesha lonyaka — iyanyamalala kancinci kwiipaki ze-caravan zaseYurophu. Asiyilileli loo nto. Izibane ze-mantle zisebenze kakuhle kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa zangaphandle kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, kodwa uqoqosho lwazo lokusebenza alunakusebenza kwiipaki ezikumgangatho ophezulu zorhwebo ezisebenza phantsi koxinzelelo lwanamhlanje lwe-margin.

Cinga ngothelekiso oluthe ngqo. Isibane semantle esisemgangathweni sisebenzisa malunga ne-150-200g ye-LPG ngeyure xa sisebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwexabiso legesi laseYurophu langoku, oko kuthetha ukuba simalunga ne-€0.35-0.50 ngesibane ngokuhlwa kokusebenza (8pm ukuya kwi-11pm). Kwipaki yezibane ezingama-50 esebenza ubusuku ngabunye ngexesha leentsuku ezili-180, iindleko zepetroli zodwa zifikelela kwi-€3,150-4,500 ngexesha lonyaka. Elo nani alibandakanyi iindleko zokutshintsha imantle (ngesiqhelo yi-€1-3 ngesibane, sitshintshwe amaxesha ama-2-3 ngesibane ngexesha lonyaka), umsebenzi wokujonga abalawuli, amaxwebhu okuthobela ukufakelwa kwegesi, okanye iindleko zovavanyo lomngcipheko womlilo ezifunwa ngabasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni.

Isibane se-LED esinokutshajwa sitsala i-3W xa sisebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye sisebenza iiyure ezisi-8 ngetshaja enye sidla malunga ne-0.024 kWh. Nge-€0.28 nge-kWh (ixabiso lombane oqhelekileyo waseYurophu), oko kukuthi yi-€0.0067 ngokuhlwa — malunga nexabiso eliphantsi ngokuphindwe ka-50-75 kune-LPG mantle operation. Imodyuli ye-LED ilinganiswe iiyure ezingama-25,000 nangaphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba isibane ngokwaso asifuni bhalbhu. Ixabiso eliphindaphindayo kuphela ngumbane, kwaye kula manqanaba okusetyenziswa, nephaneli yelanga encinci ye-10W yanele ukugcina itshaja epheleleyo ngexesha lonyaka.

Ngaphaya kweendleko, kukho ubulula bokusebenza. Xa izibane zesiza sakho zingenantambo, awunantambo engaphantsi komhlaba ekufuneka uyicime. Awunazo iibhotile zegesi zokulandelela nokugcwalisa. Awunazo ii-ceramics zokugcina nokutshintsha. Unesibane esihla ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka, sibekwe kwindawo yokutshaja, size sibuyele entwasahlobo elandelayo ngaphandle kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo, akukho kuhlolwa kokuvuza, kwaye akukho kulandelwa kweentambo. Sithethe nabaqhubi beepaki eBavaria abachaza umthwalo wokukhanya weqela labo lokulungisa ohla ukusuka kwiintsuku ezili-12 zabantu ngexesha lonyaka ukuya ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezimbini,kubaizibane ezingenazintambo ziguqula ingxaki yeziseko ezingundoqo ibe ngumsebenzi olula wolawulo lwezixhobo.

Iinkcukacha eziphambili: Indlela yokuvavanya iiLumens, iBattery Runtime, kunye ne-IP Rating kwizicelo zeSeasonal Outdoor Lighting Applications

Ukuba uchaza izibane ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zepaki yeekharavani yaseYurophu, iindawo ezintathu ezichazayo zifanele ingqwalaselo engaphezulu kunezo ziqhelekileyo ezizifumanayo: imveliso ye-lumen xa ithelekiswa nobude bokufakelwa, ubomi bomjikelo webhetri kunye nokuhambelana kwexesha lokusebenza, kunye nomlinganiselo wokhuseleko lokungena komoya wemozulu yexesha lonyaka.

Ukuphuma kweLumen kunye nokuphakama kokuphakama

Iinkcukacha zeLumen zihlala zicatshulwa kwinqanaba lemodyuli ngaphandle kokubhekisa kwiimeko zokufakelwa kwihlabathi lokwenyani. Isibane esilinganiswe kwi-lumens ezingama-400 siya kukhanyisa ngokwahlukileyo kakhulu kumgangatho womhlaba kuxhomekeke ekubeni sifakwe kwi-1.5 yeemitha okanye iimitha ezi-3, kwaye nokuba sisebenzisa iglobhu esasazekayo okanye uluhlu oluya kwicala.

Ngokuphathelele ukukhanyiswa kwendawo yeekharavani, idatha yethu icebisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo ezisebenzayo:

Ukuze kukhanyiswe indlela ngokubanzi kubude bokufakelwa obuziimitha ezi-2-3:Izibane ezili-100-200 ngesibane ngasinye zinika malunga ne-15-20 lux kumgangatho womhlaba ngqo phantsi kweyunithi — zanele ukuhamba ngokukhuselekileyo kodwa azinakukhanyisa imisebenzi eneenkcukacha. Izibane ezinika indawo kwisithuba seemitha ezi-6-8 ukuze zigqume indlela rhoqo.

Ukuze ufumane izibane ze-ambient zepitch ezikumgangatho ophezulu kubude obuyi-1.5-2 yeemitha:Ii-lumens ezingama-300-500 zenza ukukhanya okubonakalayo okufanelekileyo kwindawo yokutyela yangaphandle, ukuseta i-awning, kunye neendawo zokudlala zabantwana ngaphakathi kwerediyasi yeemitha ezi-4. Kulapho utyalo-mali lwezibani lubonisa khona ixabiso lokuguqulwa kokubhukisha ngokuthe ngqo.

Ukulungiselela ukugcinwa kwimeko engxamisekileyo kunye nokukhanyisa indlela yokuphuma:I-EN 50171 icacisa ubuncinci be-lux enye kumgangatho womgangatho kwiindlela zokubaleka. Ngokwendlela esebenzayo, oku kuthetha ii-lumens ezingaphezu kwe-100 kwiindawo eziphakamileyo eziziimitha ezi-2-2.5 kunye nephethini yokusasazwa kokukhanya okusasazekayo. Musa ukubhidanisa oku "nokukhanya okwaneleyo okubonakalayo" - ngumgangatho wokhuseleko lobomi onemiphumo yokwenyani ukuba isibane siyasilela.

Ixesha lokusebenza kwebhetri kunye nobomi bomjikelo

Amabango exesha lokusebenza avela kubavelisi afuna ukujongwa. Isibane esibhengezwe njenge "ixesha lokusebenza leeyure ezili-12" sikwinqanaba elingakanani lokukhanya? Sivavanye iiyunithi ezinika iiyure ezili-12 kwi-lumens ezingama-50 kodwa zehle ziye ngaphantsi kweeyure ezi-4 kwisiphumo esipheleleyo se-lumen ezingama-400. Buza i-running curve - ulwalamano phakathi kokuseta ukukhanya kunye neeyure zokusebenza. Kwipaki apho izibane zisebenza ubusuku bonke ngetshaja enye, kufuneka wazi ixesha lokusebenza lokwenyani kwisetingi yakho yokukhanya oyifunayo, hayi inombolo yentloko yokuthengisa.

I-chemistry yebhetri ibaluleke kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwexesha elithile. Iibhetri zeLithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) zibonelela ngemijikelo yokutshaja epheleleyo eyi-2,000-3,000 kunye nokuncipha komthamo, ngelixa i-lithium-ion eqhelekileyo (Li-ion) inokuqala ukubonisa ukulahleka komthamo okubonakalayo emva kwemijikelo engama-500. Kwipaki yexesha elithile etshaja kube kanye ngeveki ngexesha lokusebenza kweenyanga ezi-6, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 ziya kuhlala ixesha elide kuneepakethi zebhetri zeLi-ion ezintathu ukuya kwezine kwiminyaka yekhalenda,kubainani lemijikelo liqokelelana kancinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neepateni zokutshaja zexesha lonyaka.

Iziseko zokutshaja zifanelwe yingqwalasela efanayo. Sicebisa ukuba ukhethe izibane ezinesixhumi sokutshaja esiqhelekileyo (i-USB-C okanye i-proprietary magnetic dock) ukuze kuthintelwe isiphithiphithi sezinto ezikhoyo kwiintlobo zetshaja ezixutyiweyo. Isikhululo sokutshaja esiphakathi esineendawo ezili-12-24 zodwa, apho izibane zinokugcinwa kwaye zitshajwe phakathi kwexesha lonyaka, sinciphisa ixesha lokulungiselela ixesha lonyaka kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokutshaja kweplagi nganye.

Uvavanyo lwe-IP lokusetyenziswa ngaphandle ngexesha elithile

Inkqubo yokulinganisa i-IP (Ingress Protection) ihlela ukhuseleko kwizinto eziqinileyo kunye nolwelo. Ukusetyenziswa kweendawo zokupaka iikharavani zaseYurophu, i-IP65 kufuneka ithathwe njengeyona nkcazo incinci eyamkelekileyo, kwaye i-IP67 icetyiswa kakhulu kwiipaki zase-UK, kumazwe aseNordic, nakwiYurophu eseMbindi apho imvula yasehlotyeni ixhaphakileyo kwaye inamandla.

Ireyithingi ye-IP65 ithetha ukuba isibane asingeni thuli kwaye sikhuselekile kwiijethi zamanzi ezivela nakweyiphi na indlela. Oku kujongana nokuchatshazelwa yimvula eqhelekileyo kunye nokucoca ngepayipi. I-IP67 yongeza ukhuseleko ekuntywilisweni okwethutyana - ifanelekile kwiipaki ezikufutshane namachibi, kwiindawo ezikunxweme, okanye kwiintlambo ezithandwa zizikhukula apho isibane sinokuntywiliselwa khona ngexesha lemozulu embi. Umahluko wexabiso phakathi kweeyunithi ze-IP65 kunye ne-IP67 uhlala uphakathi kwe-15-25%, kwaye kwiipaki eziqhutywa kurhwebo, sicinga ukuba yimali echithwe kakuhle.

Uyilo lwamava eendwendwe: Indlela abaqhubi beeCaravan Park zaseYurophu abasebenzisa ngayo izibane zesiza ukwahlula iindawo eziphambili zepitch

Nantsi into etshintshe kakhulu kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo: ukukhanyisa indawo kuye kwaba yinto yoyilo lwamava eendwendwe kwiipaki zekharavani zaseYurophu ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kungekuphela nje uxanduva lokhuseleko. Xa iintsapho zithelekisa iipaki ezintathu okanye ezine kwinqanaba lokubhukisha, umgangatho womoya wangokuhlwa ebaleni unokuba yinto ethatha isigqibo - kwaye ukukhanyisa yinxalenye ephambili yaloo moya.

Sisebenze nabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya eFransi, eNetherlands naseSwitzerland abaye bazisa amaxabiso eenqwelo-moya akumgangatho ophantsi afanelekileyo ngenxa yomgangatho wokukhanya. Inqwelo-moya eqhelekileyo ifumana isibane esinye se-150-lumen ngaphambili kweploti. Inqwelo-moya ephezulu - exabisa i-€8-15 ngobusuku - ifumana izibane ezimbini kwi-300 lumens nganye, umcu omncinci we-LED ecaleni kwereyili ye-awning, kunye ne-USB charging port eyakhelwe kwikholamu yokukhanyisa. Inqwelo-moya ephezulu ikhupha kuqala rhoqo ngexesha lonyaka. Umqhubi ufumana iindleko ezongezelelweyo zezibane kwiibhukisho zokuqala ezintandathu.

Oku akubhekiselele kubunewunewu. Kumalunga noko iintsapho zikufunayo ngokwenene. Abazali abamisa i-awning kunye nabantwana ababalekayo kufuneka babone ukuba benza ntoni. Kufuneka bafumane itafile yokukhempisha, ibhokisi epholileyo, itotshi abangayifumananga. Kufuneka bafunde inombolo yepitch xa befika ebumnyameni. Ipitch ekhanyisiweyo kakuhle ixazulula zonke ezi ngxaki ngaxeshanye,kubaukukhanyisa sele kucwangcisiwe kwaye kufakwe endaweni yokwenziwa ngezibane zentloko kunye neetotshi zefowuni.

Abaqhubi baseScandinavia bebenobuchule kakhulu apha. Iipaki ezininzi esizibonelelayo kumazantsi eSweden ngoku zisebenzisa izibane ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezinobushushu bombala obuhlengahlengiswayo — ezimhlophe ezifudumeleyo (2700K) zemozulu yangokuhlwa kunye ezimhlophe ezipholileyo (4000K) zokukhanyisa imisebenzi esebenzayo. Umhlophe ofudumeleyo udala umoya ochazwa rhoqo kwiindwendwe kuphononongo njenge "opholileyo" kunye "nomoya" — izichazi ezingabonakaliyo kuphononongo lweepaki ezikhanyiswa zizibane ezinkulu ze-12V kwizinzwa zokuhamba.

Izibane ze-Backup ezingxamisekileyo: Kutheni iMfuneko yokuThotyelwa kwe-EN 50171 isenza ukuba izibane ezitshajwayo zibe yimfuneko ekufakweni kweendawo zokukhempisha zorhwebo

I-EN 50171 ngumgangatho waseYurophu olawula iinkqubo zombane eziphambili zokukhanyisa ngexesha likaxakeka. Ukuba usebenzisa indawo yokukhempisha ekumgangatho wezorhwebo kwi-EU - oko kuthetha ukuba nasiphi na isiza esineendawo ezininzi zokupaka kwaye sibhalisiwe njengeshishini lokhenketho - lo mgangatho awunyanzelekanga. Utshintsho lwesizwe lwe-EN 50171 lusebenza kuwo onke amazwe angamalungu e-EU, kwaye ukuthotyelwa komthetho kudla ngokuhlolwa ngexesha lokuhlaziywa kwelayisenisi yeshishini.

Iimfuno eziphambili zomgangatho zobude bexesha lokukhanya okungxamisekileyo kunye nokuthembeka zihambelana kakuhle kakhulu neenkcukacha zesibane se-lithium-ion ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zanamhlanje - yiyo loo nto ukuthotyelwa kwe-EN 50171 kukhankanywa ngakumbi ngabaqhubi bepaki njengomqhubi oyintloko wezigqibo zeenkcukacha zesibane, kungekuphela nje ukonga iindleko zokusebenza.

I-EN 50171 ifuna iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezingxamisekileyo ukuba zigcine ukukhanya ixesha elincinci emva kokuba umbane ucimile. Kwiindawo zokukhempisha, oku kudla ngokutolikwa njengobuncinci beeyure ezi-3, nangona uninzi lwabanini bomshuwalense kunye noomasipala beendawo bafuna iiyure ezi-8 kwiindawo ezineendwendwe zokulala. Isibane esinokulungiswa ngokutsha esisemgangathweni kwi-100-150 lumens siya kugcina loo mveliso iiyure ezi-8 nangaphezulu xa utshaja ngokupheleleyo,kubaUkusebenza kakuhle kwe-LED kumanqanaba okukhanya aphantsi (ii-lumens ezili-150 zimalunga ne-40% yobuninzi kwizibane ezininzi ze-lumen ezingama-400) kuvumela ulwandiso olukhulu lwexesha lokusebenza.

Oko i-EN 50171 ikufunayo kukuvavanya. Umgangatho ufuna ukuba iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezingxamisekileyo zivavanywe rhoqo - ngokuqhelekileyo iimvavanyo zokusebenza zenyanga kunye novavanyo lonyaka. Ngeenkqubo ezisebenzisa intambo eqinileyo, oku kufuna ingcali eqeqeshiweyo ukuba yahlule umbane kwaye ijonge uluhlu lokukhanyisa. Ngeqela lezibane ezinokutshajwa ezisetyenziswa njengenkqubo yongxamiseko, uvavanyo luba: ngaba izibane ziyatshajwa? Ungakuqinisekisa oku ngemizuzu ngokujonga izalathisi zokutshaja ze-LED kwiyunithi nganye, endaweni yokuhlela ingcali yombane ukuba ityelele iiyure ezimbini zokuhlola.

Ingqiqo yokuthobela imithetho ilula:Izibane ze-IP65+ ezingama-30-50 ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwi-lumens eziyi-100-150 nganye, ezigcinwa zitshajwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye zivavanywa nyanga zonke, ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ze-EN 50171 zobude bexesha kwiindawo ezininzi zokukhempisha ezithengiswayo,kubaizibane zinokutshintshwa kwaye zitshintshwe ngokwazo endaweni yokufuna ukugcinwa kwenkqubo yonke.

Indawo Yokugcina Izinto Ebusika Nokugcinwa Kwazo Ngaphandle Kwexesha Lonyaka: Indlela Yokwandisa Ubomi Bebhetri Yezibane Ezitshajwayo Kuzo Zonke Iipaki Zexesha Lonyaka

Iipaki zeekharavani zexesha elithile zinika umngeni okhethekileyo wokugcina iibhetri. Ezi zibane zisetyenziswa phantse iinyanga ezi-5-7 ngonyaka, emva koko zigcinwa iinyanga ezi-5-7 eziseleyo. Kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid — ezisafumaneka kwezinye izibane eziphathwayo ezingabizi kakhulu — le ndlela yokuqhuba ibhayisekile iyonakalisa kakhulu. Kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye ne-LiFePO4, indawo yokugcina efanelekileyo ngexesha lokungasebenzi inokwandisa ubomi benkonzo obuluncedo ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu nangaphezulu.

Ingxaki eyintloko kukuzikhupha ngokwazo. Zonke iikhemikhali ze-lithium-ion ziyazikhupha ngokwazo ngesantya esimalunga ne-3-5% ngenyanga kwi-20°C. Kwisibane esigcinwe sitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo ngoSeptemba, oko kuthetha ukuba siya kube silahlekelwe yi-15-20% yetshaji yaso ngoDisemba. Kwisimo setshaji se-40%, iiseli ze-lithium-ion zingena kuluhlu lwevolthi apho ukunyibilika kobhedu kunokuqala kwi-anode ngexesha lokutshaja - indlela yokudiliza enciphisa amandla ngokusisigxina. Kwisimo setshaji se-0% (eshiywe itshajiwe ngokupheleleyo ebusika), umonakalo unokuba mkhulu.

Imigaqo yethu ecetyiswayo yokuphumla ngexesha lokuphumla ilula kwaye ithatha ngaphantsi kweyure kwipaki yezibane ezingama-40:

Qokelela zonke izibane ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka. Hlola umonakalo obonakalayo, coca naluphi na ukungcola okanye ukungena kwezinambuzane, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isitywina se-IP asizange sitshatyalaliswe.
Tshaja isibane ngasinye ngokupheleleyo ukuya kwi-100%. Oku kuthatha iiyure ezi-3-5 kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yokutshaja.
Gcina izibane kwindawo elawulwa yimozulu (ngcono kwi-10-15°C, kungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0°C) kwiindawo zokutshaja okanye kwiishelufu ezivulekileyo. Ubushushu begumbi buyamkeleka; amaqondo obushushu abandayo kufuneka aphetshwe kwiikhemistri ze-lithium-ion.
Phinda utshaje ukuya kwi-100% rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezingama-90. Eli nyathelo linye — utshaja oluzaliswa rhoqo ngekota — luthintela ukukhupha amanzi nzulu kwaye lunokwandisa ubomi bebhetri obusebenzayo ngeminyaka emi-2-3 xa kuthelekiswa nokugcinwa okungalungiswanga.
Ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwentwasahlobo, yenza umjikelo wokutshaja opheleleyo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isibane ngasinye sikhupha i-lumen yaso elinganisiweyo ngexesha lokusebenza eliqhelekileyo. Nasiphi na iyunithi engaphumeleliyo ukubamba itshaja okanye ebonisa ixesha lokusebenza elinciphileyo kakhulu kufuneka isuswe kwinkonzo kwaye ihlolwe ukuba itshintshelwe ibhetri.

Sinabasebenzi e-Austria abagcina izibane kwiofisi yabo, efudunyezwa unyaka wonke. Baxela ukuba izithuthi zezibane ezigcinwe kakuhle zibonisa ukwehla kwamandla azo angaphantsi kwe-10% emva kwexesha lokusetyenziswa kathathu — apho izibane zijikeleziswa zibe yindima "yokuphamba okuqhelekileyo okunesaphulelo" kwaye zitshintshwe ngeeyunithi ezintsha kwiindawo zokuphamba eziphambili. Ixabiso elinyukayo lenkqubo yokutshaja yekota alinamsebenzi xa lithelekiswa neendleko zokutshintsha iibhetri ezilahlekileyo ngenxa yokukhupha amanzi anzulu.

Kutheni Ndicebisa Umgca Wezibane Zekhempi Ezitshajwayo ZeMT Outdoor Kubasebenzi BeeCaravan Park ZaseYurophu

Emva kokusebenza ngeenkcukacha zezibane kwiindawo ezininzi zokukhempisha zorhwebo zaseYurophu, ndiye ndaqulunqa imigaqo ecacileyo yokuba yintoni eyenza isibane esinokutshajwa kwakhona silungele ukusetyenziswa ngexesha loshishino lonyaka — kwaye uluhlu lweemveliso zeMT Outdoor ziyahlangabezana nale migaqo ngeendlela ezibaluleke kakhulu kubaqhubi beepaki.

I-MT Outdoor — ngokusesikweni iNingbo Mengting Outdoor Implement Co., LTD. — yenza uluhlu lwezibane ezitshajwayo olukhethekileyo olujongana ngqo nomngeni wokugcina ixesha lonyaka. Iimodyuli zabo zezibane zisebenzisa iiseli zeLiFePO4 njengesiqhelo (hayi ezinye iindlela zeLi-ion ezingabizi kakhulu ezifumaneka kwiiyunithi zezinga lomthengi), nto leyo ebanika ubomi obungaphezu kwemijikelo engama-2,000 obufunekayo ukuze kusetyenziswe ixesha lonyaka elininzi kwezorhwebo. Uvavanyo lwe-IP67 kwiimodeli zabo zeprimiyamu lujongana neemeko zemvula zaseNordic naseCentral Europe ngaphandle kokusilela kwegumbi elivaliweyo esikubonayo kwiiyunithi zabathengi ze-IP65 emva kwexesha lonyaka ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.

Isiseko sokutshaja sisemgangathweni. Ilampu nganye isebenzisa idokhi yokutshaja enemagnethi eqhagamshelwa kwiadaptha yamandla ye-USB-C eqhelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba abaqhubi banokufumana iitshaja ezitshintshayo kuyo nayiphi na inkampani ethengisa izinto ze-elektroniki endaweni yokuzivalela kwinkqubo yayo. Kumaqela okulungisa iipaki alawula izibane ezingaphezu kwama-40-100, oku akuyonzuzo incinci yokusebenza.

Imveliso ye-lumen ilinganiswe ngokunyaniseka. I-MT Outdoor icacisa imveliso ye-lumen kwinqanaba lemodyuli evavanyiweyo, kungekhona kwinqanaba le-chip ye-LED yethiyori — oko kuthetha ukuba imodeli ye-400-lumen ngokwenene inika ii-lumen ezingama-380-410 xa iqalisa, endaweni yesibalo se-400-lumen esihla siye kwi-lumens ezingama-280 kwimizuzu engama-30 njengoko ezinye iiyunithi zabakhuphisanayo zisenza. Kubaqhubi abachaza ukukhanya ukuze bahlangabezane namanqanaba e-lux afunekayo ukuze kuhlulwe i-pitch ephezulu, oku kunyaniseka kwiinkcukacha kubalulekile.

Sibeke izibane ze-MT Outdoor kwiipaki kulo lonke elase-UK, eJamani naseScandinavia, kwaye izinga lokungaphumeleli kwixesha leesizini ezintathu zokuqala libe ngaphantsi kwe-2% - nto leyo ethelekiswa kakuhle namazinga okungaphumeleli onyaka angama-8-12% esasiwabona kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhetha abathengi kwizicelo ezifanayo. Ixabiso lokuqala leyunithi liphezulu malunga nama-20-30% kuneendlela zokukhetha abathengi, kodwa xa uqwalasela izinga lokutshintshwa elinciphileyo, ukugcinwa kweentambo ezisusiweyo, kunye nokulula kokuthobela imithetho, iindleko zizonke zobunini kwiminyaka emihlanu ziphantsi kakhulu.

Ukuba uvavanya izibane ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zokufakelwa kwepaki yecaravan yaseYurophu kwaye ufuna ukuxoxa ngeendlela ezichaziweyo zoyilo lwepaki yakho ethile kunye nemodeli yokusebenza, iqela lobuchwephesha le-MT Outdoor linokubonelela ngezicwangciso zemephu ye-lumen ngokusekelwe kulungiselelo lwakho lwepitch kunye namanqanaba e-lux afunekayo. Kufanelekile ukufowunelwa imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuba ugqibezele nasiphi na isigqibo sokuthenga.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Kutheni izibane ze-LED ezinokutshajwa zithatha indawo yezibane ze-mantle kwiipaki zeekharavani zaseYurophu?

Izibane ze-LED ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zisusa iindleko eziqhubekayo kunye nomngcipheko womlilo weemantle, zibonelela ngokusebenza ngaphandle kweentambo kulo lonke ipaki ngaphandle kweziseko zekhebula, kwaye zihlangabezana novavanyo lwemozulu lwe-IP65+ olungenakufikelelwa zizibane zemantle. Abaqhubi baxela ukwehla kwama-40-60% kwiindleko zokugcinwa kwezibane kwindawo kwixesha lonyaka ezimbini zokuqala, ikakhulu kuba ukususa ukuqhutywa kweentambo ezingcwatyiweyo kususa indlela yokusilela ebiza kakhulu kwiinkqubo zezibane zendabuko kwindawo. Umahluko weendleko zepetroli wodwa - malunga ne-€0.007 ngokuhlwa kwe-LED xa kuthelekiswa ne-€0.35-0.50 yokusebenza kwe-LPG mantle - ubuyisela utyalo-mali lwezibane kwiinyanga ezili-18-24 kwizikali zepaki eziqhelekileyo.

Luluphi ulinganiselo lwe-IP olufunekayo kubaqhubi bee-caravan park ukuze basebenzise izibane zangaphandle ngexesha elithile lonyaka?

Iipaki zeekharavani zaseYurophu kufuneka zichaze i-IP65 okanye ngaphezulu kwizibane zangaphandle zexesha elithile. I-IP65 iqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwiijethi zamanzi ezivela nakweyiphi na indlela, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekuchaphazekeni kwemvula yasehlotyeni e-UK, eNordic, naseCentral Europe. I-IP67 ibonelela ngokhuseleko lokuntywiliselwa okwethutyana kwiipaki ezikufutshane namachibi okanye kwiindawo ezikunxweme apho isibane sinokuntywiliselwa khona ngexesha lemozulu embi. Sicebisa kakhulu ngokuchasene ne-IP54 okanye ukulinganiswa okuphantsi kokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwezorhwebo, kuba ukungena komswakama nge-lens seal yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokusilela kwizibane ezingabizi kakhulu, kwaye umonakalo womswakama kwiimodyuli ze-LED awunakuguqulwa kwaye awugutyungelwa phantsi kwemigaqo emininzi yewaranti.

Zingaphi iilumens ezifunekayo kwisibane sokukhanyisa indawo yecaravan park?

Kwizibane zendlela eqhelekileyo, ii-lumens ezili-100-200 ngesibane ngasinye zanele kubude obuziimitha ezi-2-3, zibonelela malunga ne-15-20 lux kumgangatho womhlaba — ezaneleyo zokuhamba ngokukhuselekileyo kodwa azikhanyisi imisebenzi eneenkcukacha. Iindawo eziphambili zepitch ezifuna ukukhanya kweendwendwe ezikufutshane zihlala zifuna ii-lumens ezingama-300-500 kubude obuziimitha ezili-1.5-2 ukudala ukukhanya okusebenzayo kokutya kwangaphandle kunye nokuseta i-awning. Iinkqubo zokugcina izinto ezingxamisekileyo kufuneka zibonelele ubuncinane ii-lumens ezili-100 ubuncinane iiyure ezi-8 ngentlawulo enye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-EN 50171, kwaye oku kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokuvavanya kwinqanaba lokukhanya elichaziweyo, kungathathwanga kwiibango zexesha lokuthengisa.

Yeyiphi imigangatho yokuthobela imithetho esebenzayo kwizibane ezingxamisekileyo kwindawo yokukhempisha zorhwebo eYurophu?

Ukukhanya okungxamisekileyo kwiindawo zokukhempisha zorhwebo eYurophu kufuneka kuhambelane ne-EN 50171, umgangatho waseYurophu weenkqubo zombane eziphakathi zokukhanyisa okungxamisekileyo. Lo mgangatho uyalela ukuba kubekho ukukhanya okuncinci, ixesha eliphantsi lokusebenza (ngesiqhelo iiyure ezi-3-8 kuxhomekeke kuhlu lwendawo kunye nokudluliselwa kwelizwe), kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo oluqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iinkcukacha zebhetri kunye nenkqubo yokutshaja kwizibane ezinokutshaja ezisetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yongxamiseko. Ukuthobela i-EN 50171 kuhlolwa ngakumbi ngexesha lokuhlaziywa kwelayisenisi yeshishini lokhenketho kuwo onke amazwe angamalungu e-EU, kwaye ukungathobeli umthetho kunokuchaphazela ukuqinisekiswa kwe-inshurensi. Iimfuno zovavanyo lomgangatho zenza ukuba iinqwelo zezibane ezinokutshaja zisebenzele ukugcinwa komthetho - ukuhlolwa kwenyanga kuba luhlolo olubonakalayo lwemizuzu eli-10 lwezalathisi zentlawulo endaweni yokutyelela okucwangcisiweyo kombane.

Izibane ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zisebenza njani ngexesha lokugcina izinto ebusika kwiindawo zokupaka iikharavani zonyaka?

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion ezikwizibane ezitshajwayo ezisemgangathweni ziyazikhupha ngokwazo malunga ne-3-5% ngenyanga xa zigcinwe kubushushu begumbi. Sicebisa ukuba zitshajwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba kuvalwe ebusika kwaye zitshajwe kwakhona rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezingama-90 ukuthintela ukukhupha nzulu, nto leyo enciphisa ngokusisigxina amandla ebhetri. Ukugcinwa okubandayo ngaphantsi kwe-0°C kukhawulezisa ukulahleka kwamandla ukuba iibhetri zishiywe zikhutshiwe ngokupheleleyo - umngcipheko othile kwiipaki ezikwimimandla yeAlps apho izakhiwo zolondolozo zisenokungafudunyezwa. Inqwelo yezibani zeLiFePO4 ezigcinwe kakuhle zibonisa ukwehla kwamandla okungaphantsi kwe-10% emva kwexesha lokusetyenziswa kathathu, ngokuchasene nokwehla kwama-30-40% kwixesha lokuqala leeyunithi zeLi-ion ezigcinwe zikhutshiwe ngokupheleleyo ebusika. Inkqubo yokutshaja yekota ixabisa ngaphantsi kweyure yomsebenzi ngenqwelo yezibani ezingama-50 kwaye yandisa ubomi bebhetri obusebenzayo ngeminyaka emi-2-3 xa kuthelekiswa nokugcinwa okungalungiswanga.

Iimveliso eziNxulumeneyo

Hlola uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezisombululo zokukhanyisa zangaphandle zeMT Outdoor ezinokutshajwa kwakhona:

Umthombo:Iqela le-BSI— Imigangatho yaseYurophu kunye nesikhokelo sokuthobela imithetho |I-RINA— Iinkonzo zoqinisekiso kunye novavanyo lwe-EU |I-CBI— ubukrelekrele bemarike yaseYurophu kubathumeli bemveliso ngaphandle

MALUNGA NOMBHALI

uLily

UMlawuli woBugcisa

Ndineminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu ndisebenza ngokukhanyisa ngaphandle, ndigxile kwi-LED headlights kunye ne-flashlight R&D, ulawulo lobushushu kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha.

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Ixesha lokuposa: Juni-25-2026

Abaqhubi beeCaravan Park baseYurophu ba-odola izibane zenkampu ezinokutshajwa eziphathwayo ukuze zikhanyise indawo yeendwendwe kunye neenkqubo zokulungisa izinto ezingxamisekileyo