1. Kutheni uyilo lweebhetri lubalulekile kwi-inventory yabathumeli abathengisa izinto ezininzi

Umthengisi wezinto ezithengiswayo othenga izibane zentloko ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwi-container evela kumzi-mveliso waseTshayina uhlala egcina izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwindawo yokugcina impahla kangangeenyanga ezi-3-12 ngaphambi kokuba umjikelo wokusasazwa kwempahla uhambise iiyunithi kubathengi bokugqibela. Ixesha lokugcina impahla lixesha apho ibhetri etshajwayo ngaphakathi kwesibane sentloko isengozini enkulu yokulahlekelwa ngumthamo - iiseli zihlala kwisimo esimiselweyo sokutshajwa (SOC) kangangeenyanga, zichatshazelwe kubushushu obuqhelekileyo, kwaye izixhobo ze-elektroniki zesibane sentloko zitsala umbane omncinci we-parasitic okanye ziqhagamshelwe ngokupheleleyo kwiiseli (kuxhomekeke kuyilo).

Iintlobo ezimbini zebhetri eziphambili kwimarike yezibane zentloko ezinokutshajwa kwakhona yiseli ye-lithium-ion esuswayo ye-18650 kunye nephakheji ye-lithium-polymer eyakhelwe ngaphakathi (etywiniweyo). Iseli ye-18650 yifom ye-cylindrical eqhelekileyo (ububanzi be-18mm, ubude be-65mm) esetyenziswa kushishino lwe-elektroniki lwabathengi, kwaye iseli igcinwe kwindawo yebhetri esuswayo umsebenzisi wokugqibela anokuyivula ngemali okanye nge-screwdriver. Iphakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yiseli ye-lithium-polymer eyenziwe ngokwezifiso etywiniweyo ngaphakathi kwendlu yezibane zentloko kwaye itshajwa nge-USB port ecaleni kwendlu.

Idatha yesantya sokusilela ngobuninzi ebalulekileyo kumngenisi ayisiyo isantya sokusilela kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zokuqala (esihlala silawulwa ziziphene zefektri kwaye siphantse sifane kuzo zombini izakhiwo), kodwa yisantya sokusilela ngexesha lokugcina impahla yendlu yeenyanga ezi-3-12 (esilawulwa kukuguga kweeseli ze-lithium kwaye sahluke kakhulu phakathi kwezo zakhiwo zimbini). Idatha eqokelelwe yiNingbo Mengting ukususela ngo-2014 kumgca wemveliso yezibane zentloko ka-18650 kunye nomgca wemveliso yephakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ibonisa inzuzo ecacileyo yoyilo lwe-18650 kolu bukhulu.

Kwabangenisi abathengisa ngobuninzi abahlola urhwebo okokuqala, ingqiqo ephambili kukuba ixesha lokugcina impahla lahlukile kakhulu kwixesha lokusetyenziswa komsebenzisi wokugqibela. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa komsebenzisi wokugqibela, isibane sentloko siyajikeleziswa (sitshajwa kwaye sikhutshwe), kwaye ibhetri isebenza kwimeko yaso yokusetyenziswa eyilelweyo. Ngexesha lokugcina impahla, isibane sentloko sihlala singasebenzi kwi-SOC esisigxina, kwaye ibhetri idlula kwikhalenda yokuguga engaxhomekekanga kumjikelo wokusetyenziswa. Ukuguga kwekhalenda yindlela yokusilela elawulayo ngexesha lokugcina impahla, kwaye ubuchule boyilo lwe-18650 bokugcinwa kwi-SOC efanelekileyo yeyona nto iphambili.

2. Uthelekiso loMbane noLahleko lweNyanga ezili-12

Idatha yokulahlekelwa ngumthamo engezantsi ivela kwiirekhodi zewaranti emva kokuthengisa zeNingbo Mengting zexesha lemveliso lika-2014-2025, ezahlulwe yi-architecture yebhetri. Idatha igubungela malunga ne-1.8 yezigidi zezibane zentloko ezithunyelwa kuzo zombini iimigca zemveliso, kunye namabango ewaranti alandelwa ngetshaneli yokusasaza yokungenisa kunye netshaneli yokubuyisela abathengi abathengi.

Uyilo lweeseli ezisuswayo lwe-18650:Emva kweenyanga ezili-12 zokugcina impahla kwindawo yokugcina izinto kubushushu obungama-25 degrees C kunye ne-50% SOC (ukuthunyelwa kweMengting okuzenzakalelayo), iiseli ezili-18650 zigcina malunga ne-85-90% yomthamo wokuqala. Umsebenzisi wokugqibela ufumana oku njengexesha elifutshane kancinci lokusebenza ngokutshaja, kodwa isibane sentloko sisasebenza kwaye iseli isengaphakathi komda womthamo we-80% osemgangathweni woshishino weeseli "ezilungileyo". Izinga lebango lewaranti kwiinyanga ezi-3-12 zokugcina impahla likuluhlu lwe-1-2%, olulawulwa ziiseli ezithunyelwe kwi-SOC esezantsi kune-50% ecetyiswayo.

Uyilo lwepakethi ye-lithium-polymer eyakhelwe ngaphakathi:Emva kweenyanga ezili-12 zokugcina impahla phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, iipakethe ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zigcina malunga ne-60-75% yomthamo wokuqala. Umsebenzisi wokugqibela ufumana oku njengexesha elifutshane kakhulu lokusebenza ngetshaja nganye, kwaye malunga ne-10-15% yeeyunithi, isibane sentloko asiyi kuvula konke konke kuba i-voltage yephakeji yehle ngaphantsi komda wokusebenza we-headlamp (ngesiqhelo yi-3.0V kwipakethe ye-lithium-polymer yeseli enye). Izinga lebango lewaranti kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-12 likuluhlu lwe-5-8%, apho imo yokusilela elawulayo "i-voltage yephakeji iphantsi kakhulu ukuba ingasebenza kwi-headlamp."

Izinga lebango lewaranti eliphezulu kathathu ukuya kahlanu kwiipakethe ezakhelwe ngaphakathi linefuthe elithe ngqo kwindleko kumngenisi. Izinga lebango lewaranti ye-5% kwisikhongozeli seeyunithi ezili-10,000 ngexabiso leyunithi ethengiswa ngobuninzi ye-$15 yixabiso lewaranti ye-$7,500 kunye neendleko zokuthumela ukubuyisela iiyunithi ezinesiphako kumzi-mveliso. Kwii-odolo ezininzi zeekhonteyina, oku kongeza kwimpembelelo enkulu yomda ekufuneka umngenisi ayifumane okanye ayidlulisele kwixabiso lokuthengisa (elinciphisa ukukhuphisana nabangenisi abathenga izibane zentloko ezisekelwe kwi-18650).

3. Kutheni i-18650 Architecture iphumelela: I-Physics yeKhalenda yokuguga

Isizathu sokuba uyilo lwe-18650 luphumelele uyilo lwepakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwindawo yokugcina impahla sisekelwe kwifiziksi yokuguga kwekhalenda ye-lithium-ion, ngakumbi i-SOC kunye nokuxhomekeka kobushushu okumisela ukuba iiseli zilahlekelwa ngamandla ngokukhawuleza kangakanani xa zingajikeleziswanga ngebhayisekile.

Ukuxhomekeka kwi-SOC:Iiseli zeLithium-ion zilahlekelwa ngumthamo wazo ngokukhawuleza xa zigcinwe kwi-SOC ephezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-80%) kwaye zicotha kakhulu xa zigcinwe kwi-40-60% ye-SOC. Izinga lokuguga kwekhalenda liphindaphindeka kabini kuyo yonke i-10% yokwanda kwe-SOC yokugcina engaphezulu kwe-50%. Iphakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ethunyelwa ukusuka kumzi-mveliso kwi-80-100% ye-SOC (eqhelekile kwiipakethi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kuba umzi-mveliso uzipakisha kwi-SOC ephezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthengi angasebenzisa isibane sentloko ngaphandle kokutshaja kuqala) iya kuguga ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kuneseli ye-18650 ethunyelwa kwi-50% ye-SOC.

Ukuxhomekeka kubushushu:Iiseli zeLithium-ion zilahlekelwa ngumthamo wazo ngokukhawuleza okuphindwe kabini xa kunyuke amaqondo obushushu kwindawo yokugcina izinto nge-10 degrees C. Indawo yokugcina izinto kwimozulu eshushu (umndilili wama-30 degrees C) iya kubona ukulahleka komthamo omkhulu kunendawo yokugcina izinto kwimozulu eshushu (umndilili wama-20 degrees C). Uyilo lwe-18650 luvumela umngenisi ukuba asuse iiseli aze azigcine kwindawo elawulwa yimozulu (apho umngenisi anokuthi atyale imali khona kwiiseli ezikhululekileyo kunezibane zentloko ezihlanganisiweyo), nto leyo enciphisa ukuguga kobushushu.

Ukuxhomekeka kwimibhobho yamanzi amdaka:Uyilo oluninzi lwezibane zentloko luquka idrayivu encinci yeparasite kwipakethi yebhetri nokuba isibane sentloko sicinyiwe - ngokuqhelekileyo ukugcina isalathisi se-LED yeqhosha lamandla okanye isalathisi senqanaba lebhetri. Idrayivu yeparasite kwipakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi iya kuyikhupha kancinci ipakethi ngexesha lokugcina impahla, ithathe ipakethi ukusuka kwi-80% SOC xa ithunyelwa iye kwi-40-50% SOC kwiinyanga ezi-6 kwaye iye kwi-0-20% SOC kwiinyanga ezili-12. Nje ukuba ipakethi iwele ngaphantsi kwe-20% SOC, iiseli zingena kwimeko yokukhupha kakhulu eyonakalisa iiseli ngokusisigxina. Uyilo lwe-18650 lususa le ndlela yokusilela kuba iiseli zinokususwa ngokwasemzimbeni kwisibane sentloko xa zifumana uhlolo. Iimfuneko zokuthunyelwa kunye nokugcinwa kweeseli ze-lithium-ion ezisebenza kubangenisi abaphatha iiseli ze-18650 ngobuninzi bezorhwebo zibhalwe kwiImithetho ye-IATA yeeMpahla eziNgozikwaye iIingcebiso ze-UN malunga nokuThuthwa kweeMpahla eziyingozi, zombini ezihlela iiseli ze-lithium-ion njengeempahla eziyingozi zeClass 9 zokuthutha emoyeni kwaye zifuna ukupakishwa kunye nokulebhelishwa okuthile.

Iprotokholi yokulinganisa:Ilebhu yomgangatho weMengting ilinganisa ukugcinwa komthamo weenyanga ezili-12 ngokugcina isampuli yezibane zentloko ezingama-50 ezivela kwibhetshi nganye yemveliso kwigumbi lemozulu elingama-25 degrees C kwi-SOC yokuthumela yefektri, emva koko ilinganisa umthamo wokukhupha kwinqaku leenyanga ezili-12 isebenzisa uvavanyo lokukhupha oluqhubekayo kwisantya sokukhupha esilinganisiweyo sesibane sentloko. Ipesenti yokugcina umthamo ibalwa njenge (umthamo wokukhupha kwiinyanga ezili-12) / (umthamo wokuqala olinganisiweyo) x 100. Idatha echazwe apha ngumyinge kwiisampulu ezingama-50 ezivela kwiibhetshi zemveliso ezingama-36 phakathi kowama-2014 nowama-2025.

Umxholo wokuthelekisa:Amanani okugcina umthamo angentla ngawezibane zentloko ezigcinwe phantsi kweemeko zelebhu ezilawulwayo (25 degrees C, 50% SOC, akukho msele wezinambuzane ngaphaya kokukhupha ngokwawo iiseli). Iimeko zeendawo zokugcina izinto zokwenyani zihlala zimbi kuneemeko zelebhu — iindawo zokugcina izinto zishushu ngaphezu kwama-25 degrees C kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, kwaye i-SOC inokukhukuliseka ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yokukhupha izinambuzane kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki zezibane zentloko. Amava okungenisa izinto kwamanye amazwe abonisa ukuba ukugcinwa kwamandla ehlabathi lokwenyani kwiinyanga ezili-12 kungaphantsi ngama-10-15 ekhulwini kunenani elilinganiswe elebhu kuzo zombini izakhiwo.

4. I-Matrix yeSigqibo sokufumana izinto ezivela kwamanye amazwe

I-matrix yesigqibo engezantsi ishwankathela urhwebo phakathi kwezakhiwo ezimbini zomthengisi othengisa ngobuninzi. Umqolo ngamnye ngumqathango wesigqibo; ikholamu yoyilo ngalunye ibonisa umlinganiselo ohambelanayo.

Ukulahleka komthamo wokugcina impahla:Unyaka ka-18650 uphumelela kakhulu (ilahleko ye-5-10% xa kuthelekiswa nelahleko ye-25-40% yokwakhelwe ngaphakathi).

Izinga lebango lewaranti:Unyaka we-18650 uphumelela kakhulu (1-2% vs 5-8% kwizinto ezakhelwe ngaphakathi).

Ixabiso leyunithi yesango lomzi-mveliso:Indlu eyakhelwe ngaphakathi iphumelela kancinci (ixabiso liphantsi nge-5-10% ngenxa yoyilo lwendlu olulula).

Iluncedo kumsebenzisi wokugqibela:Isixhobo esakhelwe ngaphakathi siphumelela kancinci (akukho mfuneko yokususa nokutshintsha iiseli; xhuma nje intambo ye-USB ukuze utshaje).

Inkonzo yomsebenzisi wokugqibela:I-18650 iphumelele kakhulu (umsebenzisi wokugqibela unokutshintsha iseli egugileyo ngaphandle kokuthenga isibane sentloko esitsha; ipakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ayinakutshintshwa ngumsebenzisi wokugqibela kwaye ifuna inkonzo yasefektri).

Ukukwazi ukuphinda usebenzise:Unyaka we-18650 uphumelela kakhulu (iseli ingasuswa kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona ngokusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki; iphakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ifuna ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo).

I-matrix yesigqibo ikhetha uyilo lwe-18650 lwabangenisi abagcina uluhlu lwezinto kwi-warehouse kangangeenyanga ezi-3 nangaphezulu kwaye abanovelwano kwiindleko zebango lewaranti. Uyilo olwakhelwe ngaphakathi luyamkeleka kubangenisi abathutha uluhlu lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-90 kwaye ababeka phambili ukulula kokutshaja komsebenzisi wokugqibela.

Icebiso elisebenzayo lokufumana abathengi abathenga kwamanye amazwe abatshintsha ukusuka kwi-18650 eyakhelwe ngaphakathi:Xa utshintshela umgca wemveliso yezibane zentloko esele yakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuya kwisakhiwo se-18650, umngenisi kufuneka acwangcise ixesha lokutshintsha leenyanga ezi-6 apho zombini izakhiwo zifunyanwa ngaxeshanye. Imveliso ye-18650 iya kufuna imfundo kumsebenzisi wokugqibela (umsebenzisi wokugqibela kufuneka azi ukuba angayisusa aze ayitshintshe iseli), kwaye umngenisi kufuneka anike iphepha lemiyalelo kwiphakheji yokuthengisa echaza inkqubo yokutshintshwa kweseli.Inkonzo ye-ODM/OEMbangenza ngokwezifiso iphepha lemiyalelo kunye nesifakelo sokupakisha ukuze zihambelane neemfuno zomthengisi wempahla othenga kwamanye amazwe, kuquka nokuguqulelwa kulwimi lwasekuhlaleni.

5. Indlela yokulawula uluhlu lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ze-18650 ukuze kuncitshiswe amabango ewaranti

Kwabangenisi abakhetha uyilo lwe-18650, ezi ndlela zine zilandelayo zokulawula isitokhwe zinciphisa izinga lebango lewaranti liye kufutshane no-zero kwixesha lokugcina impahla leenyanga ezili-12.

Ukuziqhelanisa 1 — Fumana iiseli kwi-50% ye-SOC.I-Mengting shipping default yi-50% SOC, indawo yokugcina ecetyiswayo kushishino. Umngenisi kufuneka aqinisekise i-SOC xa efumana uhlolo ngokujonga i-voltage elula (iseli ye-50% SOC 18650 ifunda malunga ne-3.7V open-circuit). Iiseli ezifika kwi-SOC ephezulu kufuneka zikhutshwe kancinci ngaphambi kokugcinwa; iiseli ezifika kwi-SOC ephantsi kufuneka ziphinde zitshajwe ngaphambi kokugcinwa.

Uqheliso 2 — Gcina iiseli kubushushu obuphakathi obuyi-15-25 degrees C.Indawo yokugcina izinto elawulwa yimozulu enomlinganiselo we-15-25 degrees C ifanelekile kwindawo yokugcina iiseli ze-18650. Iindawo zokugcina izinto ezikwimozulu eshushu kufuneka ziqwalasele indawo yokugcina izinto; iindleko ze-air conditioner zihlala ziphantsi kakhulu kunezongezo zewaranti ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumthamo omncinci.

Ukuziqhelanisa 3 — Faka iiseli qho kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuba indawo yokugcina idlula iinyanga ezi-6.Iseli ye-18650 egcinwe kwi-50% ye-SOC kunye nama-25 degrees C iya kulahlekelwa ngumthamo omalunga ne-3-5% ngenyanga ngenxa yokuzikhupha ngokwayo. Emva kweenyanga ezi-6, iseli inokuba kwi-30-35% ye-SOC, esondela kumda wokukhupha ngaphezulu. Umrhumo wokongeza ukuya kwi-50% ye-SOC rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 kugcina iiseli zikwindawo yokugcina ekhuselekileyo.

Uqheliso 4 — Sebenzisa iseli ekhuselweyo yenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri (i-BMS).Isibane sentloko iMengting 18650 sisebenzisa iiseli zeSamsung, LG, okanye iPanasonic brand ezine-BMS protection eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. I-BMS ithintela ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma eninzi ngexesha lokugcina, nto leyo eyindlela yokukhusela ukuba iindlela zokulawula izinto ezingentla azilandelwa ngokugqibeleleyo. Imigangatho yokhuseleko esebenza kwi-BMS nakwiseli yile:I-IEC 62133-2 (iiseli ze-lithium zesibini zezicelo eziphathwayo)kwayeI-UL 1642 (umgangatho wokhuseleko lweseli ye-lithium), zombini ezi zikhokelo zikhankanyiweyo kwi-CE kunye ne-ROHS certifications ezisebenza kumgca wemveliso yezibane zentloko zeMengting.

6. Ukusilela Kwehlabathi Lokwenyani: Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Iindlela Zokugcina Izinto Ezingeniswa Ngaphakathi Zingalandelwa

Amatyala amathathu okusilela kwentsimi avela kwiirekhodi zenkxaso yabathengi zeNingbo Mengting abonisa iindleko zokutsiba iindlela ezine zolawulo lwempahla ezigutyungelwe kwiCandelo 5. Kwimeko nganye, ukusilela kwalandelwa ngasemva kumsantsa othile wolawulo lwempahla owawunokuphetshwa ngenkqubo ecetyiswayo.

Ityala 1 — Umsasazi wezinto zangaphandle, eSpain (2022 Q4):Umsasazi wezinto zangaphandle waseSpain wa-odola iiyunithi ezingama-5,000 zezibane zentloko zeMengting 18650 ukuze zisasazwe kubathengisi bekhempi kunye nabahamba ngeenyawo kulo lonke elaseSpain. Umsasazi wagcina iiyunithi kwindawo yokugcina izinto engalawulwa yimozulu emazantsi eSpain (ubushushu obuphakathi bungama-30-38 degrees C ngexesha leenyanga zasehlotyeni). Emva kweenyanga ezi-8, umsasazi wafumana amabango ewaranti kubathengisi abonisa ukuba malunga ne-12% yeeyunithi azizange zivuleke. Uphando lubonise ukuba iiseli zazigcinwe kubushushu bendawo yokugcina izinto (obudlula isilingi esicetyiswayo sama-25 degrees C) nakwi-SOC yokuthumela efektri engama-50%, kodwa ubushushu obuphezulu bukhawulezise ukuguga kwekhalenda ukuya kwinqanaba apho iiseli zehla ngaphantsi kombane ophantsi wokusebenza wezibane zentloko. Ixabiso lewaranti yomsasazi lalimalunga ne-$9,000 USD, elidlula ukonga kweendleko zokusebenzisa indawo yokugcina izinto engalawulwa yimozulu. Ukususela ngoko umsasazi utyale imali kwi-air conditioner kwindawo yokugcina izibane zentloko.

Ityala lesi-2 — Umthengisi wezixhobo zokhuseleko kwimizi-mveliso, eBrazil (2023 Q2):Umthengisi wezixhobo zokhuseleko kwimizi-mveliso waseBrazil wa-odola iiyunithi ezingama-8,000 zesibane sentloko esakhelwe ngaphakathi (hayi umgca wemveliso kaMengting 18650) ukuze sisasazwe kwiinkampani zemigodi neoyile kunye negesi. Umthengisi wagcina iiyunithi kwindawo yokugcina impahla eSão Paulo kangangeenyanga ezi-6. Ngeli xesha, iipakethe ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zaziqhagamshelwe kwi-electronics yezibane zentloko, ezatsala umsinga omncinci we-parasitic ukugcina isalathisi se-LED seqhosha lamandla. Emva kweenyanga ezi-6, idreyini ye-parasitic yayisuse iipakethe kwi-SOC yokuthumela efektri nge-80% ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%, kwaye i-9% yeeyunithi azizange zivuleke. Ixabiso lewaranti yomthengisi yayimalunga ne-$10,800 USD (9% yexabiso le-15 leedola ngeyunithi nganye). Umthengisi ukususela ngoko uye watshintshela kwisakhiwo se-18650 ukuze aphelise ingxaki yedreyini ye-parasitic.

Ityala lesi-3 — Isivumelwano sikarhulumente sokuthenga, e-Indonesia (2024 Q1):Isivumelwano sokuthenga sikarhulumente wase-Indonesia sezibane zentloko zokulungiselela imeko engxamisekileyo (iiyunithi ezingama-8,000 zoyilo lwepakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi) sanikwa umsasazi wasekuhlaleni owafumana ezi yunithi kumzi-mveliso waseTshayina. Umsasazi wagcina ezi yunithi kwindawo yokugcina impahla karhulumente kangangeenyanga ezili-11 ngelixa amaphepha okuthenga ayesenziwa. Xa zazisiwa kwiiarhente zabasebenzisi bokugqibela (ukhuselo lwabahlali, amaqela okuphendula kwimeko engxamisekileyo asekuhlaleni), i-14% yeeyunithi azizange zivule okanye zazinciphise kakhulu ixesha lokusebenza. Urhulumente wala ukwamkela iiyunithi ezingasebenziyo, kwaye umsasazi kwafuneka afumane iiyunithi zokutshintsha ngexabiso elikhulu. Iwaranti iyonke kunye neendleko zokutshintsha yayimalunga ne-$16,800 USD. Urhulumente wase-Indonesia ukususela ngoko uye wachaza kwiikhontrakthi zokuthenga ezilandelayo ukuba izibane zentloko kufuneka zisebenzise iiseli ze-18650 ezisuswayo ezinewaranti yobomi beshelufu yeenyanga ezingama-24.

Ezi meko zintathu zingasentla zibonisa indlela efanayo: ixabiso lokungaphumeleli ukulandela iindlela ezine zokulawula izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo liphindwe kaninzi kuneendleko zokonga ezifumaneka ngokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina. Umngenisi ogcina izibane zentloko ze-18650 kwindawo yokugcina impahla elawulwa yimozulu kwi-50% SOC kangangeenyanga ezili-12 uya kubona izinga lebango lewaranti elimalunga ne-1-2%. Umngenisi ogcina izibane zentloko ezifanayo kwindawo yokugcina impahla engalawulwa yimozulu kubushushu obuphezulu bemozulu uya kubona izinga lebango lewaranti le-10-15%. Umahluko we-10x kwixabiso lewaranti ngumahluko phakathi komgca wemveliso onenzuzo kunye nongenanzuzo. Kwabangenisi abathumela izibane zentloko ze-18650 kwimarike ye-EU,Iimfuneko zokumakisha i-EU CE kwiimveliso ezisebenzisa irediyo (i-CE-RED)kwaye iUmgangatho wokhuseleko lokuthuthwa kweeseli ze-lithium ze-UN 38.3iyasebenza ukongeza kwiindlela zokugcina ezingasentla — i-UN 38.3 ifuna ukuba iiseli zidlule kuvavanyo lokulinganisa ukuphakama, ukujikeleza kobushushu, ukungcangcazela, ukutshayiswa, isekethe emfutshane yangaphandle, impembelelo, ukutshaja kakhulu, kunye novavanyo lokukhupha ngenkani ngaphambi kokuba zithunyelwe ngomoya.

7. Utshintshiselwano loBunjineli: Xa uKwakhelwe ngaphakathi kuyiNqununu eLungileyo

Uyilo lwepakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi alubi kakhulu kunoyilo lwe-18650. Kwiimeko ezithile zesicelo, ipakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yeyona ndlela ingcono. I-trade-off matrix engezantsi ishwankathela ukuba uyilo lwepakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi luphumelela nini.

Imeko 1 — Umjikelo omfutshane wempahla esetyenzisiweyo (ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-90):Ukuba umngenisi uhambisa impahla kwindawo yokugcina impahla ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-90, ikhalenda yokuguga incinci kuzo zombini iindlela zokwakha, kwaye inzuzo yokusetyenziswa kwephakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi iba yinto ethatha isigqibo.

Imeko yesi-2 — Iimeko zemozulu ezimandundu (ngaphantsi kwe-zero okanye ngaphezulu kwama-40 degrees C):Iseli ka-18650 inomlinganiselo wobushushu obusebenzayo obuncinci kunephakheji ye-lithium-polymer ekumgangatho ophezulu. Kwabangenisi abasasaza kubasebenzisi bokugqibela kwiimeko zobushushu obungaphantsi kwe-zero okanye obugqithisileyo (umz., uhambo lwe-arctic, iindawo zokusebenza zasentlango), iphakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi enomlinganiselo wayo wobushushu obanzi inokuba namandla ngakumbi.

Imeko 3 — Iimfuno ze-compact form factor:Iphakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ivumela isiciko sezibane zentloko ukuba sibe ncinci kancinci kunesiciko se-18650, kuba isiciko sinokubunjwa ukuze silingane nendawo ekhoyo endaweni yokuba sithintelwe yi-cylindrical 18650 cell form factor. Kwizicelo apho igram nganye yobunzima ibalulekile (umz., izibane zentloko ezikhaphukhaphu ezingaphantsi kwama-50 grams ubunzima bubonke), isiciko esakhelwe ngaphakathi sinokuba lolona khetho kuphela.

Isigqibo esiphakathi kwe-18650 kunye ne-eyakhelwe ngaphakathi sixhomekeke kwisicelo. Kumthengisi oqhelekileyo othengisa ngobuninzi ogcina impahla kangangeenyanga ezi-3-12 aze ayisasaze kubantu abathanda izinto zangaphandle, abathengisi, kunye neemarike zokulungiselela iimeko zikaxakeka, uyilo lwe-18650 lolona khetho lungcono. Kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo ezinemijikelo emifutshane yempahla okanye iimfuno zokusingqongileyo ezigqithisileyo, iphakheji eyakhelwe ngaphakathi inokuba lolona khetho lungcono.

8. Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Q: Ngowuphi uhlobo lwebhetri olungasebenzi kakuhle kwindawo yokugcina impahla — 18650 okanye iipakethi ze-lithium ezakhelwe ngaphakathi?

A: Iipakethi zebhetri ze-lithium ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ziyasilela kakhulu kuneepakethi ezisuswayo ezili-18650 emva kweenyanga ezili-12 zokugcina impahla. Indlela yokusilela eyintloko kukulahlekelwa ngumthamo kwiiseli ezigcinwe kwimeko yokutshaja engaphelelanga (ngesiqhelo yi-30-60% ye-SOC njengoko ithunyelwa ukusuka kumzi-mveliso). Iipakethi ezisuswayo ezili-18650 zivumela umngenisi ukuba asuse iiseli kwisibane sentloko xa efumana uhlolo aze azigcine kwi-50% ye-SOC kwindawo elawulwa yimozulu, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu izinga lokusilela.

Q: Yeyiphi imeko efanelekileyo yokugcina iiseli ezili-18650 kwindawo yokugcina impahla?

A: Eyona SOC ifanelekileyo yokugcina iiseli ze-lithium-ion eziyi-18650 yi-40-60%. Ukugcina iiseli kwi-100% ye-SOC kukhawulezisa ukuguga kwekhalenda; ukugcina iiseli ezingaphantsi kwe-20% ye-SOC kuyingozi yokukhupha kakhulu kunye nokunyibilika kobhedu. Uqwalaselo lokuthunyelwa kweMengting lulungiselela iiseli eziyi-18650 ukuya kwi-50% ye-SOC ngaphambi kokupakisha, eli liziko lokugcina elicetyiswayo kushishino.

Q: Izibane zentloko ezinokutshajwa zingagcinwa ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokuba ibhetri ifune ukutshajwa kwakhona?

A: Isibane sentloko sika-18650 esigcinwe kwi-50% ye-SOC kunye nama-25 degrees C sihlala sigcina amandla angama-80% emva kweenyanga ezili-12. Isibane sentloko se-lithium pack esakhelwe ngaphakathi esigcinwe kwiimeko ezifanayo sihlala sigcina amandla angama-60-70% emva kweenyanga ezili-12. Inzuzo ka-18650 yiseli esuswayo — umngenisi angagcwalisa iiseli nganye ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki ze-headlamp, nto leyo eyongeza i-parasitic drain eyonakalisa ngakumbi ipakethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Q: Ingaba isibane sentloko esinebhetri ye-18650 esuswayo sibiza kakhulu kuneso sinebhetri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi?

A: Isibane sentloko esinebhetri ye-18650 esuswayo sidla ngokubiza ngaphezulu nge-5-10% ngexabiso lesango lomzi-mveliso kunesibane sentloko esilinganayo esinebhetri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ngenxa yendlu eyongezelelweyo yegumbi lebhetri, isivalo sokugqibela esisuswayo, kunye noqhagamshelwano lweselfowuni. Ixabiso lifunyanwa ngamabango ewaranti aphantsi emva kokuthengisa kunye namaxabiso aphantsi okufa xa ufika kumngenisi.

9. Isalathiso sangaphakathi: Indlela yokufumana isibane sentloko seMengting 18650

Amakhonkco angaphakathi:Isibane sentloko se-LED esitshajwayo esingu-1200mAh esingu-18650 esinemagnethi · Malunga neNingbo Mengting Outdoor Implement Co., Ltd. · Uhlu lwemveliso yezibane zentloko · Indlela yokukhetha isibane sentloko esifanelekileyo sangaphandle · Inkonzo yesibane sentloko esenziwe ngokwezifiso se-ODM/OEM · Ibhlog yokukhanyisa yangaphandle yaseMengting · Iindaba zoshishino lweMengting